Unsuspected exposure to asbestos and bronchogenic carcinoma.

Martischnig, K M; Newell, D. J.; Barnsley, William; Cowan, W. K.; Feinmann, E. L.; Oliver, Emily A.

doi:10.1136/bmj.1.6063.746

Cited by 66 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There are indications that with heavier exposure, and thus in patients with asbestosis, relatively more adenocarcinomas are seen (22,31,139,142,145). At lower exposure levels, squamous-cell carcinomas seem to be more common (47,80,143,146). This phenomenon might reflect the relative importance of smoking versus asbestos; at a lower exposure level to asbestos, the "tobacco effect" predominates, creating mainly squamous carcinomas.…”

Section: Plaques and Risk Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 82%

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Asbestos, asbestosis, pleural plaques and lung cancer

Hillerdal¹,

Henderson²

1997

Scand J Work Environ Health

122

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Hillerdal G, Henderson DW. Asbestos, asbestosis, pleural plaques and lung cancer. Scand J Work Environ Health 1997;23(2):93-103.Inhalation of asbestos fibers increases the risk of bronchial carcinoma. It has been claimed that asbestosis is a necessary prerequisite for the malignancy, but epidemiologic studies usually do not have enough statistical strength to prove that asbestos-exposed patients without asbestosis are without risk. Several recent studies do actually indicate that there is a risk for such patients. In addition, case-referent studies of patients with lung cancer show an attributable risk for asbestos of 6% to 23%, which is much higher than the actual occurrence of asbestosis among these patients. Thus there is an increasing body of evidence that, at low exposure levels, asbestos produces a slight increase in the relative risk of lung cancer even in the absence of asbestosis. Consequently, all exposure to asbestos must be minimized.

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Section: Plaques and Risk Of Cancermentioning

confidence: 82%

“…On the other hand, there are claims that even low doses of asbestos can increase the risk (20,30,31,34,44,(47)(48)(49)(50)(51). In several studies, it has been shown that exposure to a low dose of pure chrysotile (less than 20 fiberyears) causes no measurable increase in lung cancer (25,(52)(53)(54)(55).…”

Section: The "Threshold Value "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestos, asbestosis, pleural plaques and lung cancer

Hillerdal¹,

Henderson²

1997

Scand J Work Environ Health

122

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“…In a Swedish study there were no significant differences in the percentage of operable tumor s of the upper and lower lobes (22). Nor do we have evidence that the tumors of asbestos-exposed patients would be more often operable than those of unexposed patient s (23). Actually they are probably somewhat more often inoper able, since asbestosis is associated with a decrease in ventilatory function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lobe of origin of lung cancer among asbestos-exposed patients with or without diffuse interstitial fibrosis.

Karjalainen

Anttila²,

Heikkilä³

et al. 1993

Scand J Work Environ Health

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KARJALAINEN A, ANTTILA S, HEIKKILA L, KYYRONEN P, VAINIO H. Lobe of origin of lung cancer among asbestos-exposed patients with or without diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Scand J Work Environ Health 1993; 19:102-7. The effect of asbestos exposure and asbestos-associated fibrosis on the lobe of origin of lung cancer was studied among 108 lung cancer patients. The asbestos-exposed patients had significantly more lower lobe tumors than the unexposed patients. Similar results were obtained when occupationalhistory or lung fiber concentration was used as an indicator of past occupational exposure to asbestos. The predominance of lower lobe tumors occurred even among exposed patients with no histological signs of asbestosis in their lung specimens. Both bronchial and peripheral cancers showed a lower lobe predominance among the exposed patients. Smoking history did not affect the lobar distribution of the tumors. No significant differences occurred for the histological cell types of the tumors between the exposed and unexposed patients. Patients with asbestosis had, however, more adenocarcinomas than the unexposed patients. The results indicate that asbestos may increase the risk of lung cancer even in the absence of asbestosis.

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“…Martischnig et al (56) interviewed incident cases submitted for suspected lung cancer and matched referents submitted for other reasons. Direct questions on asbestos exposure were avoided.…”

Section: Asbestos Exposure and Cancer Risk In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestos and Cancer: An Overview of Current Trends in Europe

Albin¹,

Magnani²,

Krstev³

et al. 1999

Environmental Health Perspectives

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This review assesses the contribution of occupational asbestos exposure to the occurrence of mesothelioma and lung cancer in Europe. Available information on national asbestos consumption, proportions of the population exposed, and exposure levels is summarized. Population-based studies from various European regions on occupational asbestos exposure, mesothelioma, and lung cancer are reviewed. Asbestos consumption in 1994 ranged, per capita, between 0.004 kg in northern Europe and 2.4 kg in the former Soviet Union. Population surveys from northern Europe indicate that 15 to 30% of the male (and a few percent of the female) population has ever had occupational exposure to asbestos, mainly in construction (75% in Finland) or in shipyards. Studies on mesothelioma combining occupational history with biologic exposure indices indicate occupational asbestos exposure in 62 to 85% of the cases. Population attributable risks for lung cancer among males range between 2 and 50% for definite asbestos exposure. After exclusion of the most extreme values because of methodologic aspects, most of the remaining estimates are within the range of 10 to 20%. Estimates of women are lower. Extrapolation of the results to national figures would decrease the estimates. Norwegian estimates indicate that one-third of expected asbestos-related lung cancers might be avoided if former asbestos workers quit smoking. The combination of a current high asbestos consumption per capita, high exposure levels, and high underlying lung cancer rates in Central Europe and the former Soviet Union suggests that the lung cancers will arise from the smoking-asbestos interaction should be a major concern. -Environ Health Perspect 107(Suppl 2):289-298 (1999).http.//ehpnetl.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1999/Suppl-2/289-298albin/abstract.html Key words: asbestos, lung cancer, mesothelioma, population attributable risk, proportion exposed Asbestos exposure can induce malignant and nonmalignant diseases. This article only addresses the former, and it is further restricted to those diseases unequivocally associated with asbestos, that is, mesothelioma and lung cancer. These diseases are induced by all commercial asbestos qualities (chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, and anthophyllite) and by tremolite, with exposure-response patterns determined by fiber size and fiber type (1).

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Unsuspected exposure to asbestos and bronchogenic carcinoma.

Cited by 66 publications

References 10 publications

Asbestos, asbestosis, pleural plaques and lung cancer

Asbestos, asbestosis, pleural plaques and lung cancer

Lobe of origin of lung cancer among asbestos-exposed patients with or without diffuse interstitial fibrosis.

Asbestos and Cancer: An Overview of Current Trends in Europe

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