Unsupervised seismic facies classification applied to a presalt carbonate reservoir, Santos Basin, offshore Brazil

Ferreira, Danilo Jotta Ariza; Lupinacci, Wagner Moreira; Neves, Igor de Andrade; Zambrini, João Paulo Rodrigues; Ferrari, André Luiz; Gambôa, Luiz Antônio Pierantoni; Azul, Maria Olho

doi:10.1306/10261818055

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The gross depositional setting for the carbonates of the BVF is the subject of debate. Based on seismic data, a number of authors have interpreted the facies characterizing the BVF and its equivalents as representing deposition on isolated carbonate platforms within relatively deep lacustrine basins, with elevations of the platforms of hundreds of metres (der Mann & Rigg, 2012; Buckley et al ., 2015; Saller et al ., 2016; Sabato Ceraldi & Green, 2017; Kattah, 2017; Vieira de Luc et al ., 2017; Ferreira et al ., 2019). As a result, some authors have proposed distributions of key lithofacies based on the view that such facies would be differentiated on shallow platform tops (Saller et al ., 2016; Sabato Ceraldi & Green, 2017) and even populating reservoir models on that basis (de Paula et al ., 2017).…”

Section: Platform Setting Of the Barra Velha Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

Wright

2020

Sedimentology

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During the Aptian (Cretaceous), in what is now the South Atlantic, the largest chemogenic (abiotic) carbonate factory so far identified in the Phanerozoic geological record developed as a vast hyper‐alkaline lake system. This covered at least 330 000 km2, producing carbonates, locally over 500 m thick, in what are now the offshore Santos and Campos basins (Brazil), and Kwanza Basin (Angola). Current evidence supports the view that almost all of this carbonate was chemogenic in origin, precipitated from hyper‐alkaline, shallow lake waters, probably by evaporation. This unit, best documented from offshore Brazil and known as the Barra Velha Formation (Santos Basin) and the Macabu Formation (Campos Basin), consists of just two basic carbonate components, millimetre to centimetre sized crystal shrubs and spherulites. These are commonly in situ but can also be reworked into a range of detrital facies. Demonstrable microbialites are generally rare. These carbonates are associated with Mg silicates (as clays) which had a profound influence not only on the textural development of the in situ carbonates, but also on their diagenesis. The dissolution of the clays produced much of the porosity in these limestones, which are the hosts for multi‐billion barrel oil fields. The source of the carbonate was most likely from metasomatic alteration of mafic rocks, such as continental flood basalts related to Atlantic opening, with some contribution from much older continental basement. Clear evidence that serpentinization of possible exhumed mantle is lacking but mantle CO2 is likely to have been a critical factor in determining the composition of the fluids from which the carbonates formed and the high alkalinities of the lake waters.

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Section: Platform Setting Of the Barra Velha Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

Wright

2020

Sedimentology

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“…Therefore, extracting the seismic attributes reflecting geobody characteristics and classifying these attributes step by step can increase the efficiency of seismic facies analysis (Wrona et al, 2018). With the using of multi-attributes unsupervised classification method, some scholars characterized the presalt carbonate reservoir in Santos basin (Ferreira et al, 2019) and the Cretaceous and Tertiary turbidite channel in Canterbury basin (Hardisty and Wallet, 2017). These studies achieved good results.…”

Section: Unsupervised Seismic Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In last decade, great developments have been achieved in the prediction of lithofacies and sedimentary facies using unsupervised seismic facies classification (Colé ou et al, 2003;Wrona et al, 2018;Ferreira et al, 2019;Jesus et al, 2020) and multi-attribute neural networks (Huang and Williamson, 1996;Cvetković et al, 2009;Malvić et al, 2010;Cvetković and Velić, 2013) and good results have been obtained. Based on 3D seismic data, this study analyzed paleo-topography and paleo-climate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution Prediction of Middle‐deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag, Pearl Mouth Basin

Xiong¹,

Xie²,

Zhao³

et al. 2021

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Oil and gas shows are rich in drilling wells in Kaiping sag, however, large oilfield was still not found in this area. For a long time, it is thought that source rocks were developed in the middle-deep lacustrine facies in the Eocene Wenchang Formation, while there is no source rocks that in middle-deep lacustrine facies have been found in well. Thickness of Wenchang Formation is big and reservoirs with good properties could be found in this formation. Distribution and scale of source rock are significant for further direction of petroleum exploration. Distribution characterization of middle-deep lacustrine facies is the base for source rock research. Based on the sedimentary background, fault activity rate, seismic response features, and seismic attributes were analyzed. No limited classification method and multi-attributes neural network deep learning method were used for predicting of source rock distribution in Wenchang Formation. It is found that during the deposition of lower Wenchang Formation, activity rate of main fault controlling the subsag sedimentation was bigger than 100 m/Ma, which formed development background for middle-deep lacustrine facies. Compared with the seismic response of middle-deep lacustrine source rocks developed in Zhu I depression, those in Kaiping sag are characterized in low frequency and good continuity. Through RGB frequency decomposition, areas with low frequency are main distribution parts for middle-deep lacustrine facies. Dominant frequency, instantaneous frequency, and coherency attributes of seismic could be used in no limited classification method for further identification of middle-deep lacustrine facies. Based on the limitation of geology knowledge, multi-attributes of seismic were analyzed through neural network deep learning method. Distribution of middle-deep lacustrine facies in the fourth member of Wenchang Formation is oriented from west to east and is the largest. Square of the middle-deep lacustrine facies in that member is 154 km 2 and the volume is 50 km 3. Achievements could be bases for hydrocarbon accumulation study and for exploration target optimization in Kaiping sag.

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“…The study of a stratigraphic sequence and sedimentary system using seismic techniques can be traced back to the seismic stratigraphy proposed by Vail et al, in the 1970s [14]. The internal structure and external morphology of seismic reflections are studied mainly based on the seismic facies, and the temporal and spatial distribution of sedimentary systems is restored through the identification and combination of seismic facies [15][16][17]. Seismic stratigraphy is more suitable for basin analysis, thick layer sequence classification and early-to middle-term resource exploration and evaluation, but the control accuracy of small-scale sedimentary units and thin sand bodies is still insufficient because of the limitation of seismic resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic-Geological Integrated Study on Sedimentary Evolution and Peat Accumulation Regularity of the Shanxi Formation in Xinjing Mining Area, Qinshui Basin

et al. 2022

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Accurate identification of the lithofacies and sedimentary facies of coal-bearing series is significant in the study of peat accumulation, coal thickness variation and coal-measured unconventional gas. This research integrated core, logging and 3D seismic data to conduct a comprehensive seismic–geological study on the sedimentary evolution characteristics and peat accumulation regularity of the Shanxi Formation in the Xinjing mining area of the Qinshui Basin. Firstly, the high-resolution sequence interface was identified, and the isochronous stratigraphic framework of the coal-bearing series was constructed. Then, the temporal and spatial evolution of sedimentary filling and sedimentary facies was dynamically analyzed using waveform clustering, phase rotation, stratal slice and frequency–division amplitude fusion methods. The results show that the Shanxi Formation in the study area can be divided into one third-order sequence and two fourth-order sequences. It developed a river-dominated deltaic system, mainly with delta plain deposits, and underwent a constructive–abandoned–constructive development stage. The locally distributed No. 6 coal seam was formed in a backswamp environment with distribution constrained by the distributary channels. The delta was abandoned at the later stage of the SS1 sequence, and the peat accumulation rate was balanced with the growth rate of the accommodation, forming a large-area distributed No. 3 thick coal seam. During the formation of the SS2 sequence, the No. 3 coal seam was locally thinned by epigenetic erosion of the river, and the thin coal belt caused by erosion is controlled by the location of the distributary channels and their extension direction. This study can provide a reference for the research on the distribution of thin sand bodies, sedimentary evolution and peat accumulation regularity in the coal-bearing series under the marine–continental transitional environment.

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Unsupervised seismic facies classification applied to a presalt carbonate reservoir, Santos Basin, offshore Brazil

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

Distribution Prediction of Middle‐deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag, Pearl Mouth Basin

Seismic-Geological Integrated Study on Sedimentary Evolution and Peat Accumulation Regularity of the Shanxi Formation in Xinjing Mining Area, Qinshui Basin

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Unsupervised seismic facies classification applied to a presalt carbonate reservoir, Santos Basin, offshore Brazil

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

The mantle, CO2and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

The mantle, CO2and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

Distribution Prediction of Middle‐deep Lacustrine Source Rocks in Eocene Wenchang Formation in the Kaiping Sag, Pearl Mouth Basin

Seismic-Geological Integrated Study on Sedimentary Evolution and Peat Accumulation Regularity of the Shanxi Formation in Xinjing Mining Area, Qinshui Basin

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Product

Resources

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The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born

The mantle, CO₂and the giant Aptian chemogenic lacustrine carbonate factory of the South Atlantic: Some carbonates are made, not born