Unsteady state process operation

Bifurcation analysis of two continuous membrane fermentor configurations for producing ethanol

“…When the fermentors are connected in series and the ÿrst fermentor has oscillatory (either periodic or chaotic) behavior then the output of this ÿrst fermentor becomes the non-autonomous input to the second fermentor. Various oscillating, non-autonomous feed inputs have been tried in biological and chemical processes to improve the conversion, yield and productivity of the process (Douglas and Rippin, 1966;Douglas, 1972;Crooke et al, 1980;Sterman and Ydstie, 1991;Henson and Seborg, 1992;Yang and Su, 1993;Balakrishnan and Yang, 2002).…”

Periodic operation of catalytic reactors—introduction and overview

“…Curiously, the reactor application seems to have been inspired by research in process control, specifically the application of time-varying controls, such as 'chattering' controls to reactors [63]. Since then, the literature on periodic operations has expanded rapidly.…”

Transfer Functions for Periodic Reactor Operation: Fundamental Methodology for Simple Reaction Networks

“…The unsteady-state operation of chemical reactors has been a highly ambitious research topic for the last decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Amongst others, the performance improvement of unsteadystate operation of chemical processes compared to optimal performance of steady-state operation has been studied most intensively [5,6,8,9].…”