Unsteady Convective MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of a Viscous Nanofluid across a Porous Stretching/Shrinking Surface: Existence of Multiple Solutions

Abstract

The suspension of tiny solid particles inside the energy transport liquids could enhance their thermal conductivity as well as provide an efficient and inventive approach to significantly improve their properties of heat transport. Therefore, our aim is to explore the radiative two-dimensional unsteady flow of a viscous nanofluid about an aligned magnetic field that includes the joint effect of suction, velocity slip, and heat source across a porous convective stretching/shrinking surface. Initially, using non-dimensional variables, the nonlinear governing partial differential equations (PDEs) were transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which were subsequently solved with the help of bvp4c built-in package in MATLAB. The results declare that escalating the values of the unsteadiness parameter escalates the friction drag whereas it reduces with the escalation of the slip parameter. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate escalates with the escalation of radiation and concentration parameter, and the escalation of the heat source parameter causes to reduce the heat transfer rate. Finally, it is found that the rate of heat transfer and friction drag continuously improve and decline against the rising rates of stretching, respectively.

Numerical solution of magnetohydrodynamics radiative flow of Oldroyd‐B nanofluid toward a porous stretched surface containing gyrotactic microorganisms

“…In view of the Equations (11)(12)(13), the combination of Equation (20) with Equations ( 21) and ( 22) sets out the dimensionless system Equation ( 23) of the said physical quantities.…”

“…The importance of the porous medium deeply attracted the interest of leading researchers to study it with the consideration of different models and flow structures. Some of these studies have been cited here [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Unsteady MHD Thin Film Flow of a Second-Grade Fluid past a Tilted Plate under the Impact of Thermal Radiation and Chemical Reaction

“…As mentioned in this study, the consideration of nonlinear form thermal radiation utilizes to present the more general form of radiation phenomenon, and we have generated the linear form of thermal radiation in this research to investigate its effect in the considered geometrical aspect. Time-dependent convective MHD flow and heat transfer of viscous fluid through a porous surface are investigated by Alshehri et al [19]. Radiation effect on MHD boundary layer flow with heat and mass transfer across a porous medium is discussed by Reddy et al [20].…”

Unsteady thermally radiative and chemically reactive viscoelastic fluid flow past a vertical porous plate with a heat source

“…Ahmed et al 39 observed the Soret and Dufour effects on the third‐grade fluid due to the stretching cylinder. Many authors 40–48 have studied the flow over a vertical plate surface. Krishna et al 49 studied the MHD flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid over an infinite exponentially accelerated vertical plate.…”