Unstable disability and the fluctuations of frailty

Campbell, Angela; Buchner, David M.

doi:10.1093/ageing/26.4.315

Cited by 490 publications

(346 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A interação do indivíduo com o ambiente, na qual a ocorrência de um evento, considerado de pequeno impacto para alguns idosos, pode causar limitação no desempenho das AVD e resultar ou não na perda da autonomia 5 .…”

Section: Fragilidade Como Conceitounclassified

Síndrome da fragilidade no idoso: importância da fisioterapia

Macedo

Gazzola

Najas

2008

Arq. Bras. Ciên. Saúde

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ResumoA fragilidade é conceituada como uma síndrome clínica, que pode ser identificada por perda de peso involuntária, exaustão, fraqueza, diminuição da velocidade da marcha e do equilíbrio e diminuição da atividade física. Cada uma dessas manifestações clínicas é preditora de uma série de reações adversas (quedas, hospitalização, institucionalização, declínio funcional e morte). O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi expor os elementos sobre a Síndrome da Fragilidade dos Idosos, em uma revisão narrativa da literatura, dando um panorama geral sobre epidemiologia, tendências atuais, ciclo da fragilidade, sarcopenia, alterações imunológicas, alterações neuroendócrinas, diagnósticos clínico, laboratorial e diferencial e as possibilidades de intervenções fisioterapêuticas. Para esses fins, realizou-se revisão bibliográfica da literatura nacional e internacional sobre o tema. Com o conhecimento de estudos envolvendo idosos frágeis, é possível planejar as estratégias voltadas para a identificação da parcela da população que mais se beneficiaria de ações para postergar, atenuar e, se possível, reverter tais desfechos.Palavras-chave: Idoso; fragilidade; envelhecimento; sarcopenia; exercício físico. AbstractThe frailty syndrome is a clinical syndrome that may be identified by involuntary loss of weight, exhaustion, weakness, decrease of walking rate and balance, and decrease of physical activity. Each one of these clinical manifestations predicts a series of adverse reactions (falls, hospitalization, institutionalization, functional decline, and death). The aim of this literature review was to expose the elements on Frailty Syndrome in the elderly in a narrative literature review, providing a general panorama upon epidemiology, actual trends, frailty cycle, sarcopenia, immunological disorders, neuroendocrinal disorders, clinical, laboratorial and differential diagnosis, and the possibilities of physiotherapeutic intervention. Therefore, a national and international literature review on the subject was performed. By knowing studies involving fragile elderly patients, it is possible to plan strategies towards the identification of parcel of the population that would benefit the most from actions to delay, to attenuate and, if possible, to revert such manifestations.

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Section: Fragilidade Como Conceitounclassified

Síndrome da fragilidade no idoso: importância da fisioterapia

Macedo

Gazzola

Najas

2008

Arq. Bras. Ciên. Saúde

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“…This syndrome is strongly associated with sarcopenia and places older individuals at special risk for disability, hospitalization, and death induced by falls (Campbell and Buchner 1997;Walston and Fried 1999;Rockwood and Mitnitski 2007;Rodríguez Mañas et al 2012). Along with sarcopenia, skeletal muscle fat infiltration, which is assessed through muscle tissue attenuation, is associated with an increased risk of mobility loss in older men and women (Visser et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

Cadore

Casas‐Herrero

Zambom-Ferraresi

et al. 2013

AGE

400

430

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This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of multicomponent training on muscle power output, muscle mass, and muscle tissue attenuation; the risk of falls; and functional outcomes in frail nonagenarians. Twenty-four elderly (91.9±4.1 years old) were randomized into intervention or control group. The intervention group performed a twice-weekly, 12-week multicomponent exercise program composed of muscle power training (8-10 repetitions, 40-60 % of the one-repetition maximum) combined with balance and gait retraining. Strength and power tests were performed on the upper and lower limbs. Gait velocity was assessed using the 5-m habitual gait and the timeup-and-go (TUG) tests with and without dual-task performance. Balance was assessed using the FICSIT-4 tests. The ability to rise from a chair test was assessed, and data on the incidence and risk of falls were assessed using questionnaires. Functional status was assessed before measurements with the Barthel Index. Midthigh lower extremity muscle mass and muscle fat infiltration were assessed using computed tomography. The intervention group showed significantly improved TUG with single and dual tasks, rise from a chair and balance performance (P<0.01), and a reduced incidence of falls. In addition, the intervention group showed enhanced muscle power and strength (P<0.01). Moreover, there were significant increases in the total and high-density muscle cross-sectional area in the intervention group. The control group significantly reduced strength and functional outcomes. Routine multicomponent exercise intervention should be prescribed to nonagenarians because overall physical outcomes are improved in this population.

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“…3 The origin of this concept lies in biological approaches, which characterized the first studies of this issue. 4,5 In literature, there is a clear evolution of the study of frailty, which is ongoing and has led to a more extensive approach that contemplates nutritional, psychological, cognitive and social factors related to the aging process. 6 In general, there are two main multidimensional approaches to explaining frailty in the elderly populaiton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of phenotypic frailty during the aging process in a Portuguese community

Duarte

Paúl²

2015

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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The present study is based on the conceptual model defined by Fried which explains phenotypic frailty through the presence of the following criteria: weight loss; exhaustion; low physical activity; slowness and weakness. The aim of the present study was to identify the behaviour of phenotypic frailty and outline the profile of the frail elderly person. In order to do this, a random stratified sample of 339 individuals residing in the community was obtained. A frailty protocol was developed, composed of measures related to the aging process and phenotypic frailty. The results indicated a high prevalence of this syndrome (34.9%). It occurs more frequently among women (40.9%) and at more advanced ages (60.4%). The criteria that appeared most frequently in association with frailty are low physical activity (88.9%) and slowness (86.4%). Frail elderly individuals were characterized by being widow/separated/divorced (46.7%); illiterate (71.1%); living within a family with some degree of dependence (41.6%); living in unsuitable conditions (44.9%); having limited social relations (54.2%) and not receiving social support (37.6%). It can be concluded that frailty is a prevalent condition, and that the profile of the frail individual is associated with a set of characteristics that result in greater vulnerability, which suggests possible areas of intervention to minimize and delay this syndrome.

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Unstable disability and the fluctuations of frailty

Cited by 490 publications

References 23 publications

Síndrome da fragilidade no idoso: importância da fisioterapia

Síndrome da fragilidade no idoso: importância da fisioterapia

Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians

Prevalence of phenotypic frailty during the aging process in a Portuguese community

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