Unsaturated‐zone water

Molz, Fred J.; Davidson, J. M.; Tollner, E. W.

doi:10.1029/rg017i006p01221

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 367 publications

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“…not be interpreted beyond the limitations of input data. A review by Molz, Davidson and Tollner (1979) provides an outline for the current understanding of unsaturated flow.…”

Section: The Model and Input Data Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arid site water balance: evapotranspiration modeling and measurements

Gee¹,

Kirkham²

1984

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“…not be interpreted beyond the limitations of input data. A review by Molz, Davidson and Tollner (1979) provides an outline for the current understanding of unsaturated flow.…”

Section: The Model and Input Data Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arid site water balance: evapotranspiration modeling and measurements

Gee¹,

Kirkham²

1984

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“…While the papers reviewed in this report indicate that significant progress was made during the past four years, it is the authors' opinion that three‐dimensional heterogeneities and the related measurement problems will command the attention of subsurface hydrologists for many decades to come. More than a decade ago Molz et al (1979) wondered if increasingly sophisticated measurements and measurement devices would enable us to gradually apply existing conceptual models in a truly predictive manner, or if the resulting measurements would be so ambiguous that they ultimately force the development of a radically different theory. With 12 years of hindsight, the authors are leaning a little more toward the technology‐based solution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Measurements in Subsurface Hydrology

Dane

Molz

1991

Reviews of Geophysics

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“…The review by Molz et al (1979) provides a summary of the current understanding of unsaturated flow.…”

Section: Basic Concepts Of Unsaturated Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated flow modeling of a retorted oil shale pile.

Bond¹,

Freshley²,

Gee³

1982

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In recent years there has been a renewed interest in the recovery of crude oil from oil shale; however, there is much concern as to how to dispose of the huge quantities of spent shale that would be generated. The spent shales contain a large percentage of soluble salts and other constituents that may exceed permissible levels if they enter local surface and ground-water systems. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the capabilities of the UNSAT1D model for assessing this potential threat to the environment by understanding water movement through spent shale piles.Infiltration, redistribution, and drainage of water in a spent shale pile were simulated with the UNSAT1D model for two test cases: 1) an existing 35 m pile, and 2) a transient pile growing at a rate of 10 m/year for 5 years. The first test case simulated three different layering scenarios with each one being run for 1 year. The second test case simulated two different initial moisture contents in the pile with each simulation being run for 30 years. Grand Junction and Rifle, Colorado climatological data were used to provide precipitation and potential evapotranspiration for a wet (1979) and dry (1976) year, respectively. Hydraulic properties obtained from the literature on Paraho process spent shale [1.2 Mg/m 3 (75 lb/ft 3 ) and 1.5 Mg/m 3 (95 lb/ft 3 )], soil, and clay were used as model input parameters to describe water retention and hydraulic conductivity characteristics. Plant water uptake was not simulated in either test case. The two test cases only consider the evaporation component of evapotranspiration, thereby maximizing the amount of water infiltrating into the pile.The results of the two test cases demonstrated that the UNSAT1D model can adequately simulate flow in a spent shale pile for a variety of initial and boundary conditions, hydraulic properties, and pile configurations. The test cases provided a preliminary sensitivity analysis in which it was shown that the material hydraulic properties, material layering, and initial moisture content are the principal parameters influencing drainage from the base of a pile. Pile design, to minimize drainage, can be improved significantly by use of detailed hydrologic modeling similar to that described in this report.

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Unsaturated‐zone water

Cited by 6 publications

References 367 publications

Arid site water balance: evapotranspiration modeling and measurements

Arid site water balance: evapotranspiration modeling and measurements

Physical Measurements in Subsurface Hydrology

Unsaturated flow modeling of a retorted oil shale pile.

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