Unravelling Structure, Localization, and Genetic Crosstalk of KLF3 in Human Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most prevailing disease among women. It actually develops from breast tissue and has heterogeneous and complex nature that constitutes multiple tumor quiddities. These features are associated with different histological forms, distinctive biological characteristics, and clinical patterns. The predisposition of breast cancer has been attributed to a number of genetic factors, associated with the worst outcomes. Unfortunately, their behavior with relevance to clinical significance remained poorly understood. So, there is a need to further explore the nature of the disease at the transcriptome level. The focus of this study was to explore the influence of Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), tumor protein D52 (TPD52), microRNA 124 (miR-124), and protein kinase C epsilon (PKCε) expression on breast cancer. Moreover, this study was also aimed at predicting the tertiary structure of KLF3 protein. Expression of genes was analyzed through real-time PCR using the delta cycle threshold method, and statistical significance was calculated by two-way ANOVA in Graphpad Prism. For the construction of a 3D model, various bioinformatics software programs, Swiss Model and UCSF Chimera, were employed. The expression of KLF3, miR-124, and PKCε genes was decreased (fold change: 0.076443, 0.06969, and 0.011597, respectively). However, there was 2-fold increased expression of TPD52 with p value < 0.001 relative to control. Tertiary structure of KLF3 exhibited 80.72% structure conservation with its template KLF4 and was 95.06% structurally favored by a Ramachandran plot. These genes might be predictors of stage, metastasis, receptor, and treatment status and used as new biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis. However, extensive investigations at the tissue level and in in vivo are required to further strengthen their role as a potential biomarker for prognosis of breast cancer.

Determining KLF14 tertiary structure and diagnostic significance in brain cancer progression

“…Loss of KLF14 is reported to enhance the centrosome amplification through PLK4 that leads to carcinogenicity 13 . The expression loss of other KLFs, KLF3 and KLF9, was previously reported in breast cancer and cervical cancer 14 , 15 . Down-regulation of the transcription factor KLF14 is observed in colorectal cancer as well as several other human malignancies such as breast, lymphatic, cervical, oral cavity, floor of mouth, and pancreas 16 .…”

Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO)-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3) promotes osteosarcoma progression

“…Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), a member of the KLF family, was originally a KLFI homolog cloned from human hematopoietic tissue. KLF3 can recruit transcriptional corepressor C-terminal binding protein and complete fusion in the target gene promoter, regulating transcription of target genes [ 19 , 20 ]. KLF3 plays important roles in B cell development, erythrocyte and fat production, nervous system and muscle gene regulation, cell differentiation, and proliferation [ 19 , 20 ].…”

“…KLF3 can recruit transcriptional corepressor C-terminal binding protein and complete fusion in the target gene promoter, regulating transcription of target genes [ 19 , 20 ]. KLF3 plays important roles in B cell development, erythrocyte and fat production, nervous system and muscle gene regulation, cell differentiation, and proliferation [ 19 , 20 ]. Aberrant expression of KLF3 has been detected in several cancers, such as lung cancer [ 21 ], acute leukemia [ 22 ], colorectal cancer [ 23 ], soft tissue sarcoma [ 24 ].…”

FTO-Mediated N6-Methyladenosine Modification of KLF3 Promotes Osteosarcoma Progression

“…KLF3 can recruit transcriptional corepressor C-terminal binding protein and complete fusion in the target gene promoter, regulating transcription of target genes [14,15]. KLF3 plays an important role in B cell development, erythrocyte and fat production, nervous system and muscle gene regulation, cell differentiation and proliferation [14,15]. Aberrant expression of KLF3 has been detected in several cancers, such as lung cancer [16], acute leukemia [17]s, colorectal cancer [18], sarcoma [19].…”

“…Krüppel-like factor 3 (KLF3), a member of the KLF family, was originally a KLFI homolog cloned from human hematopoietic tissue. KLF3 can recruit transcriptional corepressor C-terminal binding protein and complete fusion in the target gene promoter, regulating transcription of target genes [14,15]. KLF3 plays an important role in B cell development, erythrocyte and fat production, nervous system and muscle gene regulation, cell differentiation and proliferation [14,15].…”