Unravelling mononuclear phagocyte heterogeneity

Geissmann, Frédéric; Gordon, Siamon; Hume, David; Mowat, Allan McI; Randolph, Gwendalyn J.

doi:10.1038/nri2784

Cited by 467 publications

(440 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Instead, when considering any lineage, especially one as heterogeneous and plastic as DCs, more rigorous criteria need to be applied for its functional characterization in various contexts. Some authors have suggested defining DCs based on their anatomical location, origin from dedicated precursors, and antigen presenting properties in addition to phenotypic markers [40]. However, all of these measures can be inconsistent depending on the physiological context or method of measurement.…”

Section: Accurately Defining the DC Lineagementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor networks in dendritic cell development

Satpathy

Murphy

2011

Seminars in Immunology

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Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous population within the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) that derive from bone marrow precursors. Commitment and specification of hematopoietic progenitors to the DC lineage is critical for the proper induction of both immunity and tolerance. This review summarizes the important cytokines and transcription factors required for differentiation of the DC lineage as well as further diversification into specific DC subsets. We highlight recent advances in the characterization of immediate DC precursors arising from the common myeloid progenitor (CMP). Particular emphasis is placed on the corresponding temporal expression of relevant factors involved in regulating developmental options.

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Section: Accurately Defining the DC Lineagementioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor networks in dendritic cell development

Satpathy

Murphy

2011

Seminars in Immunology

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“…Along with increasing precision to measure and perturb genetic-and pathway-specific neural ensembles, there is a growing appreciation that these cellular subpopulations must be carefully and exhaustively characterized if their function is ever to be fully understood. Advancements in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) should permit a higher fidelity BOX 2 Microglia: a unique cell with a unique origin Neuroimmunologists have faced many challenges in their attempts to characterize the origin and development of microglia (Geissmann et al, 2010;Ransohoff and Cardona, 2010). Although microglia reside in the brain parenchyma, there are several other classes of myeloid cells that contribute to immune regulation of the CNS, including meningeal macrophages, perivascular macrophages, choroid plexus macrophages, and low levels of dendritic cells (Prinz and Priller, 2014).…”

Section: Future Research Directions and Clinical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glial and Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Critical Modulators of Drug Use and Abuse

Lacagnina

Rivera

Bilbo

2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

209

161

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Drugs of abuse cause persistent alterations in synaptic plasticity that may underlie addiction behaviors. Evidence suggests glial cells have an essential and underappreciated role in the development and maintenance of drug abuse by influencing neuronal and synaptic functions in multifaceted ways. Microglia and astrocytes perform critical functions in synapse formation and refinement in the developing brain, and there is growing evidence that disruptions in glial function may be implicated in numerous neurological disorders throughout the lifespan. Linking evidence of function in health and under pathological conditions, this review will outline the glial and neuroimmune mechanisms that may contribute to drug-abuse liability, exploring evidence from opioids, alcohol, and psychostimulants. Drugs of abuse can activate microglia and astrocytes through signaling at innate immune receptors, which in turn influence neuronal function not only through secretion of soluble factors (eg, cytokines and chemokines) but also potentially through direct remodeling of the synapses. In sum, this review will argue that neural-glial interactions represent an important avenue for advancing our understanding of substance abuse disorders.

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“…Although there is no clear demarcation between these cell types, DCs are typically specialized at regulating other immune effector cells, especially T cells, whereas macrophages preferentially act as immune effectors in innate immune responses or contribute to tissue repair (3)(4)(5)(6). In the healthy kidney, most resident immune cells display phenotypic and functional characteristics of DCs and can be distinguished from macrophages by expression of the CD11c molecule (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

CX3CR1 Reduces Kidney Fibrosis by Inhibiting Local Proliferation of Profibrotic Macrophages

Engel

Krause

Snelgrove

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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A dense network of macrophages and dendritic cells (DC) expressing the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 populates most tissues. We recently reported that CX3CR1 regulates the abundance of CD11c+ DC in the kidney and thereby promotes renal inflammation in glomerulonephritis. Given that chronic inflammation usually causes fibrosis, we hypothesized that CX3CR1 deficiency should attenuate renal fibrosis. However, when we tested this hypothesis using the DC-independent murine fibrosis model of unilateral ureteral obstruction, kidney fibrosis was unexpectedly more severe, despite less intrarenal inflammation. Two-photon imaging and flow cytometry revealed in kidneys of CX3CR1-deficient mice more motile Ly6C/Gr-1+ macrophages. Flow cytometry verified that renal macrophages were more abundant in the absence of CX3CR1 and produced more of the key profibrotic mediator, TGF-β. Macrophages accumulated because of higher intrarenal proliferation, despite reduced monocyte recruitment and higher signs of apoptosis within the kidney. These findings support the theory that tissue macrophage numbers are regulated through local proliferation and identify CX3CR1 as a regulator of such proliferation. Thus, CX3CR1 inhibition should be avoided in DC-independent inflammatory diseases because it may promote fibrosis.

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Unravelling mononuclear phagocyte heterogeneity

Cited by 467 publications

References 61 publications

Transcription factor networks in dendritic cell development

Transcription factor networks in dendritic cell development

Glial and Neuroimmune Mechanisms as Critical Modulators of Drug Use and Abuse

CX3CR1 Reduces Kidney Fibrosis by Inhibiting Local Proliferation of Profibrotic Macrophages

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