Unraveling the Metabolic Requirements of the Gut Commensal Bacteroides ovatus

Fultz, Robert; Ticer, Taylor; Ihekweazu, Faith D.; Horvath, Thomas D.; Haidacher, Sigmund J.; Hoch, Kathleen M.; Bajaj, Meghna; Spinler, Jennifer K.; Haag, Anthony M.; Buffington, Shelly A.; Engevik, Melinda A.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.745469

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Bacteroides ovatus was detected in 30 patients of whom 7 had complications. It is a gram-negative human gut bacteria able to suppress inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract ( Fultz et al., 2021 ). There are few reports for B. ovatus being isolated in patients after appendectomy ( Tocchioni et al., 2016 ; Fuse et al., 2022 ; Ward et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Felber,

Gross,

Rahrisch

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundAppendicitis is a frequent condition, with peak incidences in the second decade of life. Its pathogenesis is under debate, but bacterial infections are crucial, and antibiotic treatment remains essential. Rare bacteria are accused of causing complications, and various calculated antibiotics are propagated, yet there is no comprehensive microbiological analysis of pediatric appendicitis. Here we review different pre-analytic pathways, identify rare and common bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistances, correlate clinical courses, and evaluate standard calculated antibiotics in a large pediatric cohort.MethodWe reviewed 579 patient records and microbiological results of intraoperative swabs in standard Amies agar media or fluid samples after appendectomies for appendicitis between May 2011 and April 2019. Bacteria were cultured and identified via VITEK 2 or MALDI-TOF MS. Minimal inhibitory concentrations were reevaluated according to EUCAST 2022. Results were correlated to clinical courses.ResultsOf 579 analyzed patients, in 372 patients we got 1330 bacterial growths with resistograms. 1259 times, bacteria could be identified to species level. 102 different bacteria could be cultivated. 49% of catarrhal and 52% of phlegmonous appendices resulted in bacterial growth. In gangrenous appendicitis, only 38% remained sterile, while this number reduced to 4% after perforation. Many fluid samples remained sterile even when unsterile swabs had been taken simultaneously. 40 common enteral genera were responsible for 76.5% of bacterial identifications in 96.8% of patients. However, 69 rare bacteria were found in 187 patients without specifically elevated risk for complications.ConclusionAmies agar gel swabs performed superior to fluid samples and should be a standard in appendectomies. Even catarrhal appendices were only sterile in 51%, which is interesting in view of a possible viral cause. According to our resistograms, the best in vitro antibiotic was imipenem with 88.4% susceptible strains, followed by piperacillin-tazobactam, cefuroxime with metronidazole, and ampicillin-sulbactam to which only 21.6% of bacteria were susceptible. Bacterial growths and higher resistances correlate to an elevated risk of complications. Rare bacteria are found in many patients, but there is no specific consequence regarding antibiotic susceptibility, clinical course, or complications. Prospective, comprehensive studies are needed to further elicit pediatric appendicitis microbiology and antibiotic treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Felber,

Gross,

Rahrisch

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Although Bacteroides is a key bacterium involved in carbohydrate metabolism [32,45], our findings suggest that high carbohydrate intake is linked to a reduced abundance of B. ovatus, particularly in the GHTN group. Considering that B. ovatus is more abundant in women with hypertension compared to normotensive women [46], our data imply that disruptions in B. ovatus in response to carbohydrate intake might be associated with hypertension during pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Carbohydrate-Mediated Pregnancy Gut Microbiota and Neonatal Low Birth Weight

Yu,

Yeh,

Tzeng

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The effects of gut microbiota on the association between carbohydrate intake during pregnancy and neonatal low birth weight (LBW) were investigated. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 257 singleton-born mother–child pairs in Taiwan, and maternal dietary intake was estimated using a questionnaire, with each macronutrient being classified as low, medium, or high. Maternal fecal samples were collected between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, and gut microbiota composition and diversity were profiled using 16S rRNA amplicon gene sequencing. Carbohydrates were the major source of total energy (56.61%), followed by fat (27.92%) and protein (15.46%). The rate of infant LBW was 7.8%, which was positively correlated with maternal carbohydrate intake. In the pregnancy gut microbiota, Bacteroides ovatus and Dorea spp. were indirectly and directly negatively associated with fetal growth, respectively; Rosenburia faecis was directly positively associated with neonatal birth weight. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy altered the microbiota features and was associated with poor fetal growth. Microbiota-accessible carbohydrates can modify the composition and function of the pregnancy gut microbiota, thus providing a potential marker to modulate deviations from dietary patterns, particularly in women at risk of hypertension during pregnancy, to prevent neonatal LBW.

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“…In this study, we used this system to identify bacteria compounds in key pathways and perform quantitatively measure arginine, agmatine, citrulline, ornithine, N-carbamoylputrescine, putrescine, glutamate, glutamine, and GABA in biologically relevant sample matrices. We have previously employed this workflow to understand other bacterial processes such as the production of neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids (Fultz et al, 2021;Horvath et al, 2022Horvath et al, , 2023aLuck et al, 2021). We believe this approach could be used to tackle multiple bacterial pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing arginine, ornithine, and putrescine pathways in enteric pathobionts

Lillie,

Booth,

Horvath

et al. 2024

MicrobiologyOpen

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Arginine‐ornithine metabolism plays a crucial role in bacterial homeostasis, as evidenced by numerous studies. However, the utilization of arginine and the downstream products of its metabolism remain undefined in various gut bacteria. To bridge this knowledge gap, we employed genomic screening to pinpoint relevant metabolic targets. We also devised a targeted liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) metabolomics method to measure the levels of arginine, its upstream precursors, and downstream products in cell‐free conditioned media from enteric pathobionts, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, K. pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Our findings revealed that all selected bacterial strains consumed glutamine, glutamate, and arginine, and produced citrulline, ornithine, and GABA in our chemically defined medium. Additionally, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, K. aerogenes, and P. fluorescens were found to convert arginine to agmatine and produce putrescine. Interestingly, arginine supplementation promoted biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae, while ornithine supplementation enhanced biofilm formation in S. epidermidis. These findings offer a comprehensive insight into arginine‐ornithine metabolism in enteric pathobionts.

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Unraveling the Metabolic Requirements of the Gut Commensal Bacteroides ovatus

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Bacterial pathogens in pediatric appendicitis: a comprehensive retrospective study

Carbohydrate-Mediated Pregnancy Gut Microbiota and Neonatal Low Birth Weight

Characterizing arginine, ornithine, and putrescine pathways in enteric pathobionts

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