Unraveling the Mechanism of Cooperative Redox Chemistry in High‐Efficient Zn²⁺ Storage of Vanadium Oxide Cathode

Abstract

The inferior capacity and cyclic durability of V2O5 caused by inadequate active sites and sluggish kinetics are the main problems to encumber the widespread industrial applications of vanadium‐zinc batteries (VZBs). Herein, a cooperative redox chemistry (CRC) as “electron carrier” is proposed to facilitate the electron‐transfer by capturing/providing electrons for the redox of V2O5. The increased oxygen vacancies in V2O5 provoked in situ by CRC offers numerous Zn2+ storage sites and ion‐diffusion paths and reduces the electrostatic interactions between vanadium‐based cathode and intercalated Zn2+, which enhance Zn2+ storage capability and structural stability. The feasibility of this strategy is fully verified by some CRCs. Noticeably, VZB with [Fe(CN)6]3−/[Fe(CN)6]4− as CRC displays conspicuous specific capacity (433.3 mAh g−1), ≈100% coulombic efficiency and superb cyclability (≈3500 cycles without capacity attenuation). Also, the mechanism and selection criteria of CRC are specifically unraveled in this work, which provides insightful perspectives for the development of high‐efficiency energy‐storage devices.

Bi-intercalated vanadium pentoxide synthesized via hydrogen peroxide-induced phase transition for highly stable cathode in aqueous zinc ion batteries

“…[5][6][7][8] However, considering the uncertainty of the aquatic environment, zinc ion electrodes need to withstand a harsh environment, especially dissolution, resulting in their capacity and serious cycle degradation. [9][10][11] The choice of a positive electrode is critical to match the aquatic environment. Cathode materials in ZIBs consist of vanadium oxides, manganese oxides, and Prussian Blue and its analogs.…”