Unraveling the causes of respiratory disease in the working equids of Ethiopia: A cross sectional survey

Laing, Gabrielle; Christley, Robert M.; Stringer, Andrew; Radford, Alan; Aklilu, N.; Newton, Richard; Pinchbeck, Gina

doi:10.1016/j.jevs.2016.02.209

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…A subsequent cross-sectional study across 19 sites suggested exposure to Streptococcus equi subsp. equi was approximately 13%, equine viral arteritis 3.4% and exposure to equine influenza rare [11]. While both studies supported infectious diseases as one aetiology for respiratory disease, other possible aetiologies could include environmental and management factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Little is known about the aetiology of respiratory disease in working horses and donkeys. In one participatory study, 44 different respiratory syndromes were recognised by horse-owners [11]. A subsequent cross-sectional study across 19 sites suggested exposure to Streptococcus equi subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also highlighted differences in what owners perceive as common and important diseases that affect their equids and what service providers most commonly treat. The results presented here have been used to inform the design and content of educational interventions that aimed to increase the knowledge of working equid-owners about the health and welfare of their animals [45], identify areas requiring further research [11] and highlight diseases that owners perceive as important requiring preventive interventions. Whilst it should be recognising that infectious diseases are only one of several key welfare challenges faced by working equids, developing improved diagnostics (for EZL) and improved disease surveillance (for different AHS serotypes) would aid in the prevention and control of these diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disease and health problems affecting working equids and their productivity in Ethiopia have been previously documented and include harness-related wounds and sores [6][7][8][9][10], colic [7,8], coughing and nasal discharge [7,8,11], epizootic lymphangitis (EZL) [12][13][14][15][16], African horse sickness [17][18][19], helminthiasis [10,[20][21][22], ocular disease [23], lameness [7,24] and sarcoids [10,25]. Many of these health and welfare problems are also found in other low-and middle-income countries [26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Owner reported diseases of working equids in central Ethiopia

Stringer

Christley

Bell

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryReasons for performing studyWorking horses, donkeys and mules suffer from numerous diseases and clinical problems. However, there is little information on what owners perceive as important health concerns in their working animals.ObjectivesTo identify and prioritise with owners the diseases and other health concerns in working equids in central Ethiopia using participatory methodologies.Study designParticipatory situation analysis (PSA).MethodsThe study was conducted with carthorse‐ and donkey‐owners in 16 sites in central Ethiopia. Multiple participatory methodologies were utilised, including ranking, matrices and focus group discussions. Owners’ perceptions on frequency, importance, morbidity and mortality of volunteered diseases and the clinical signs that owners attributed to each disease were obtained; information regarding the impact of these diseases and health concerns was also sought.ResultsA total of 40 separate disease and health problems were volunteered by carthorse‐ and donkey‐owners. Horse‐owners volunteered a musculoskeletal syndrome (with the local name ‘bird’, clinical signs suggest possible disease pathologies including equine exertional rhabdomyolysis), colic and epizootic lymphangitis most frequently, whereas donkey‐owners volunteered sarcoids, nasal discharge and wounds to occur most frequently. One problem (coughing) was volunteered frequently by both horse‐ and donkey‐owners. Owners demonstrated knowledge of differing manifestations and severity of these problems, which resulted in differing impacts on the working ability of the animal.ConclusionsAlthough many of the diseases and clinical signs had been previously reported, this study also identified some previously unreported priorities such as rabies in donkeys, an unidentified musculoskeletal syndrome in horses and respiratory signs in both horses and donkeys. The information gathered during this participatory study with owners may be used to inform future veterinary and educational programme interventions, as well as identify future research priorities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Owner reported diseases of working equids in central Ethiopia

Stringer

Christley

Bell

et al. 2016

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Outbreaks still occur in unvaccinated animals and these need to be tackled by increasing public awareness and developing strategies to promote government vaccination. Laing et al [22] also described a Society for the Protection of Animals Abroad-funded study in Ethiopia, using participatory appraisal and a clinical risk factor study to evaluate the causes of respiratory disease. A syndrome of respiratory disease, without a known aetiological agent, was recognised by the Havemeyer workshop.…”

Section: What Is the Role Of Veterinary Science?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Science in brief: Report from the Seventh International Colloquium on Working Equids, London 2014

Compston

2014

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Molecular detection and assessment of the epidemiological risk factors associated with equine herpesvirus 2 and 5 in working equids in central Ethiopia

Wondimagegnehu¹,

Leta

Amenu

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Respiratory disease is the most common presenting complaint at veterinary clinics and a priority concern for equid owners and veterinary practitioners in Ethiopia. Objectives This study aimed to report the molecular detection of EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 and to assess the risk factors associated with infection in working equids in central Ethiopia. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 58 horses and donkeys to detect EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 using PCR targeting the conserved region of glycoprotein B (gB) genes. Results From 58 equids, EHV‐5 and EHV‐2 were detected in 20 (34.5%) and 19 (32.8%) equids, respectively. Concurrent infection with EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 was found in 6 (10.3%) equids who exhibited respiratory clinical signs. EHV‐2 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.002) proportion of horses (54.5%; n = 18) than donkeys (4%; n = 1). In contrast, EHV‐5 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.004) proportion of donkeys (56%; n = 14) compared to horses (18.2% n = 6). EHV‐2‐positive equids were seven times more likely to display clinical signs of respiratory disease than EHV‐2‐negative equids (Odds ratio (OR) = 6.9; 95%CI: 1.72‐27.60). However, statistically significant (p = 0.832) difference was not observed for EHV‐5. EHV‐2 was detected in a significantly higher (p = 0.004) proportion of female (50%; n = 16) compared to male equids (11.5%; n = 3). Conclusions This study revealed the molecular detection of EHV‐2 and EHV‐5 in horses and donkeys residing in central Ethiopia. The association between EHV‐2‐test‐positive equids and displaying of clinical signs of respiratory disease was observed, which suggests EHV‐2 involvement in the development of respiratory disease; however, it deserves further investigation.

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Unraveling the causes of respiratory disease in the working equids of Ethiopia: A cross sectional survey

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Owner reported diseases of working equids in central Ethiopia

Owner reported diseases of working equids in central Ethiopia

Science in brief: Report from the Seventh International Colloquium on Working Equids, London 2014

Molecular detection and assessment of the epidemiological risk factors associated with equine herpesvirus 2 and 5 in working equids in central Ethiopia

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