Unraveling the catalytic activities of ruthenium nanocrystals in high performance aprotic Li–O2 batteries

Sun, Bing; Guo, Limin; Ju, Yuhang; Munroe, Paul; Wang, Erkang; Peng, Zhangquan; Wang, Guoxiu

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.08.057

Cited by 57 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…When the Na-O 2 cell was cycled at a higher current density of 4 A g −1 , the PCS electrode still exhibited very good cycling performance up to 150 cycles (Figure 4e,f). [19,20,34,35] At the end of discharge, the ratio of the amount of the charge passed to the O 2 consumed (e − /O 2 ) was quantified to be 1.01. Moreover, the NaO 2 conformally deposited on the PCS electrode surface having a film-like morphology could be more easily decomposed than the microsized NaO 2 cubes that have been frequently formed in CB-based Na-O 2 cells.…”

Section: Figure 2 Ab) CV Curves (A) and Charge/discharge Voltage Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries

et al. 2017

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As a new family member of room-temperature aprotic metal-O batteries, Na-O batteries, are attracting growing attention because of their relatively high theoretical specific energy and particularly their uncompromised round-trip efficiency. Here, a hierarchical porous carbon sphere (PCS) electrode that has outstanding properties to realize Na-O batteries with excellent electrochemical performances is reported. The controlled porosity of the PCS electrode, with macropores formed between PCSs and nanopores inside each PCS, enables effective formation/decomposition of NaO by facilitating the electrolyte impregnation and oxygen diffusion to the inner part of the oxygen electrode. In addition, the discharge product of NaO is deposited on the surface of individual PCSs with an unusual conformal film-like morphology, which can be more easily decomposed than the commonly observed microsized NaO cubes in Na-O batteries. A combination of coulometry, X-ray diffraction, and in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry provides compelling evidence that the operation of the PCS-based Na-O battery is underpinned by the formation and decomposition of NaO . This work demonstrates that employing nanostructured carbon materials to control the porosity, pore-size distribution of the oxygen electrodes, and the morphology of the discharged NaO is a promising strategy to develop high-performance Na-O batteries.

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Section: Figure 2 Ab) CV Curves (A) and Charge/discharge Voltage Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries

et al. 2017

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“…Rechargeable batteries with high powera nd energy density and longerc ycling lifea re in great demand fore lectric vehicles and renewable energy storage. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Lithium-sulfur batteries have been considered one of the most promising systems for next-generation high-energyr echargeable lithiumb atteries because of their high theoreticals pecific capacity ( % 1680 mAh g À1 )a nd energy density( 2600 Wh kg À1 ). [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However,t he poor electrical conductivity of sulfur (5.0 10 À30 Scm À1 ), fast capacity degradation from polysulfide dissolution into the electrolyte, and large volumee xpansion of sulfur cathodes have hindered their practical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Sulfur in 3 D MXene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanosheets for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

Bao

Xie

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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Three-dimensional metal carbide MXene/reduced graphene oxide hybrid nanosheets are prepared and applied as a cathode host material for lithium-sulfur batteries. The composite cathodes are obtained through a facile and effective two-step liquid-phase impregnation method. Owing to the unique 3 D layer structure and functional 2 D surfaces of MXene and reduced graphene oxide nanosheets for effective trapping of sulfur and lithium polysulfides, the MXene/reduced graphene oxide/sulfur composite cathodes deliver a high initial capacity of 1144.2 mAh g at 0.5 C and a high level of capacity retention of 878.4 mAh g after 300 cycles. It is demonstrated that hybrid metal carbide MXene/reduced graphene oxide nanosheets could be a promising cathode host material for lithium-sulfur batteries.

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“…As shown in Figure b, due to the initial activation process, the overpotential in the first cycle was ≈1.24 V; however, it reduced to ≈1.11 V at the 10th cycle and slowly increased to ≈1.19 V after 50 cycles. The slight increase in overpotential can be ascribed to the decomposition of the electrolyte during the repeated charge/discharge processes . Figure c further demonstrates the terminal potentials at each discharge and charge step over 50 cycles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The slight increase in overpotential can be ascribed to the decomposition of the electrolyte during the repeated charge/discharge processes. [38][39][40][41] Figure 4c further demonstrates the terminal potentials at each discharge and charge step over 50 cycles. The overpotential remained steady, even after 50 cycles, suggesting excellent cyclic durability.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid, High‐Temperature, In Situ Microwave Synthesis of Bulk Nanocatalysts

Zhong

Cui

et al. 2019

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Carbon‐black‐supported nanoparticles (CNPs) have attracted considerable attention for their intriguing catalytic properties and promising applications. The traditional liquid synthesis of CNPs commonly involves demanding operation conditions and complex pre‐ or post‐treatments, which are time consuming and energy inefficient. Herein, a rapid, scalable, and universal strategy is reported to synthesize highly dispersed metal nanoparticles embedded in a carbon matrix via microwave irradiation of carbon black with preloaded precursors. By optimizing the amount of carbon black, the microwave absorption is dramatically improved while the thermal dissipation is effectively controlled, leading to a rapid temperature increase in carbon black, ramping to 1270 K in just 6 s. The whole synthesis process requires no capping agents or surfactants, nor tedious pre‐ or post‐treatments of carbon black, showing tremendous potential for mass production. As a proof of concept, the synthesis of ultrafine Ru nanoparticles (≈2.57 nm) uniformly embedded in carbon black using this microwave heating technique is demonstrated, which displays remarkable electrocatalytic performance when used as the cathode in a Li–O2 battery. This microwave heating method can be extended to the synthesis of other nanoparticles, thereby providing a general methodology for the mass production of carbon‐supported catalytic nanoparticles.

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Unraveling the catalytic activities of ruthenium nanocrystals in high performance aprotic Li–O2 batteries

Cited by 57 publications

References 62 publications

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries

Confined Sulfur in 3 D MXene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanosheets for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

Rapid, High‐Temperature, In Situ Microwave Synthesis of Bulk Nanocatalysts

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Unraveling the catalytic activities of ruthenium nanocrystals in high performance aprotic Li–O2 batteries

Cited by 57 publications

References 62 publications

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O2 Batteries

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O2 Batteries

Confined Sulfur in 3 D MXene/Reduced Graphene Oxide Hybrid Nanosheets for Lithium–Sulfur Battery

Rapid, High‐Temperature, In Situ Microwave Synthesis of Bulk Nanocatalysts

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Product

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Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries

Hierarchical Porous Carbon Spheres for High‐Performance Na–O₂ Batteries