Unmet need for family planning after internal migration: Analysis of Ethiopia 2017–2018 PMA survey data

Groene, Emily A.; Kristiansen, Devon

doi:10.1002/psp.2376

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Our findings provide evidence that migrant women were less likely to have unmet need for FP than non-migrant women in Bangladesh. This is consistent with studies in Ethiopia and Cotonou of Benin Republic [ 36 , 37 ]. Migration can delay childbearing due to time taken to adjust at the new environment [ 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Link between unmet need and economic status in Bangladesh: gap in urban and rural areas

et al. 2022

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Background Unmet need for family planning (FP) is a core concept in designing FP programmes and reduction of unmet need for FP can improve reproductive and maternal health services. Bangladesh is still away from achieving the target regarding unmet need for FP. This study aimed to explore the composite effect of economic status and place of residence on unmet need for FP among currently married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh after controlling the effect of other selected covariates. Methods The study used the data extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2017–2018, which is a nationally representative survey implemented using a stratified two-stage cluster sample design. A total of 13,031 currently married women of reproductive age were included in the final analysis. Binary logistic regression model has been employed to identify the factors influencing the unmet need for FP. Model-I investigated the effect of composite variable place-wealth on unmet need for FP and Model-II examined the effect of place-wealth on unmet need for FP after adjusting for the effect of other selected covariates. The Odds Ratios with p-values were reported to identify significant covariates. Results The rate of unmet need for FP was 15.48%. The composite factor of economic status and place of residence had significant influence on unmet need for FP in both models. Generally, rural women were significantly more likely to have unmet need for FP than their urban counterparts. In particular, women from rural areas and belong to rich families had the highest likelihoods of unmet need for FP. The other selected covariates also had significant influence on unmet need for FP. Conclusion This study shows that rural women had higher odds of unmet need for FP than urban women. The healthcare providers and stakeholders should take necessary actions to motivate women to use contraceptive specially the women who are residing in the rural areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Migration can delay childbearing due to time taken to adjust at the new environment [ 38 ]. If migration is particularly to search for opportunity, migration provides easy access and better exposure to contraceptive methods [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Link between unmet need and economic status in Bangladesh: gap in urban and rural areas

et al. 2022

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“…Taken together, these data suggest that migrating persons may generally have reduced access to health services in Uganda and that contraceptive and HIV programs in Uganda should consider the unique needs of mobile persons [21,28,29]. Unlike migration and ART use, prior literature on the association between migration and contraceptive use in Africa is mixed [29,30]. Multiple studies have found differences in contraceptive use between migrant and non-migrant populations, but these are frequently explained by other characteristics, such as age and fertility intention of individuals and the communities into which migrants and non-migrants live [39,38,40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In addition, previous studies frequently include women with no need for contraception in their denominators (i.e. looking at contraceptive use generally without accounting for pregnancy desire), and thus cannot determine whether differences in contraceptive behavior are due to differences in fertility intentions between migrants and non-migrants, or other factors, such as access [30,38,39]. Migration may impact contraceptive need and use through disrupting care networks, particularly among users of short-acting contraception (injectable, pill, condom) who rely on regular contact with the health system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…urban-to-rural migrants, urban-to-urban migrants, rural-to-urban migrants) [29]. Another cross-sectional study in Ethiopia found that unmet need for contraception was significantly lower among rural-to-urban migrants compared to rural non-migrants [30]. In both studies, however, the reference group included women who desired to have children, were pregnant, and/or were not sexually active.…”

Section: Plain English Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The intersection between migration, HIV, and contraceptive use in Uganda: a cross-sectional population-based study

Namusisi,

Yeh,

Ssekubugu

et al. 2024

Reprod Health

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Background Low use of modern methods of contraception has been linked to HIV seropositivity and to migration, but few studies have evaluated the intersection of both risk factors with contraceptive use. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from sexually active female participants aged 15 to 49 years in the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) between 2011 and 2013. The RCCS is an open population-based census and individual survey in south-central Uganda. Recent in-migrants (arrival within approximately 1.5 years) into RCCS communities were identified at time of household census. The primary outcome was unsatisfied demand for a modern contraceptive method (injectable, oral pill, implant, or condom), which was defined as non-use of a modern contraceptive method among female participants who did not want to become pregnant in the next 12 months. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators were used to identify associations and interactions between recent migration and HIV serostatus on unsatisfied contraceptive demand. Results There were 3,417 sexually active participants with no intention of becoming pregnant in the next year. The mean age was 30 (± 8) years, and 17.3% (n = 591) were living with HIV. Overall, 43.9% (n = 1,500) were not using any modern contraceptive method. Recent in-migrants were somewhat more likely to have unsatisfied contraceptive demand as compared to long-term residents (adjusted prevalence risk ratio [adjPRR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.02–1.27), whereas participants living with HIV were less likely to have unsatisfied contraceptive demand relative to HIV-seronegative participants (adjPRR = 0.80; 95%CI = 0.70–0.90). When stratifying on migration and HIV serostatus, we observed the highest levels of unsatisfied contraceptive demand among in-migrants living with HIV (48.7%); however, in regression analyses, interaction terms between migration and HIV serostatus were not statistically significant. Conclusions Unsatisfied contraceptive demand was high in this rural Ugandan setting. Being an in-migrant, particularly among those living with HIV, was associated with higher unsatisfied contraceptive demand.

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The intersection between migration, HIV, and family planning in Uganda: a cross-sectional population-based study

Namusisi,

Yeh,

Ssekubugu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundLow use of modern methods of contraception has been linked to HIV seropositivity and to migration, but few studies have evaluated the intersection of both risk factors with contraceptive use.MethodsWe analyzed cross-sectional data from sexually active female participants aged 15 to 49 years in the Rakai Community Cohort Study (RCCS) between 2011 and 2013. The RCCS is an open population-based census and individual survey in south-central Uganda. Recent in-migrants (arrival within approximately 1.5 years) into RCCS communities were identified at time of household census. The primary outcome was unsatisfied demand for a modern contraceptive method (injectable, oral pill, implant, or condom), which was defined as non-use of a modern contraceptive method among female participants who did not want to become pregnant in the next 12 months. Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators were used to identify associations and interactions between recent migration and HIV serostatus on unsatisfied contraceptive demand.ResultsThere were 3,417 sexually active participants with no intention of becoming pregnant in the next year. The mean age was 30 (±8) years, and 17.3% (n=591) were living with HIV. Overall, 43.9% (n=1,500) were not using any modern contraceptive method. Recent in-migrants were somewhat more likely to have unsatisfied contraceptive demand as compared to long-term residents (adjusted prevalence risk ratio [adjPRR]=1.14; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.02–1.27), whereas participants living with HIV were less likely to have unsatisfied contraceptive demand relative to HIV-seronegative participants (adjPRR=0.80; 95%CI=0.70-0.90). When stratifying on migration and HIV serostatus, we observed the highest levels of unsatisfied contraceptive demand among in-migrants living with HIV (48.7%); however, in regression analyses, interaction terms between migration and HIV serostatus were not statistically significant.ConclusionsUnsatisfied contraceptive demand was high in this rural Ugandan setting. Being an in-migrant, particularly among those living with HIV, was associated with higher unsatisfied contraceptive demand.

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Unmet need for family planning after internal migration: Analysis of Ethiopia 2017–2018 PMA survey data

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

Link between unmet need and economic status in Bangladesh: gap in urban and rural areas

Link between unmet need and economic status in Bangladesh: gap in urban and rural areas

The intersection between migration, HIV, and contraceptive use in Uganda: a cross-sectional population-based study

The intersection between migration, HIV, and family planning in Uganda: a cross-sectional population-based study

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