Unmatched perception of speed when running overground and on a treadmill

Kong, Pui Wah; Koh, Tze M.C.; Tan, Wei C.R.; Wang, Yu S.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.01.001

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, perception of metabolic intensity is unlikely to be the sole contributor to preferred treadmill speed, as self-selected motorized treadmill speed is slower than preferred overground speed during walking, in both healthy individuals (Dasilva et al, 2011) and stroke patients (Brouwer, Parvataneni, & Olney, 2009), despite greater metabolic costs during treadmill walking (Brouwer et al, 2009;Dasilva et al, 2011). Likewise, individuals who attempt to blindly replicate the speed of overground running generally choose lower speeds on a motorized treadmill (Kong, Candelaria, & Tomaka, 2009;Kong, Koh, Tan, & Wang, 2012). Given the propensity for some, but not all, subjects to self-select a slower speed on NMCT, it is important for users to be able to use visual feedback provided by the treadmill's LCD panel to maintain prescribed speeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

Smoliga

Hegedus

Ford

2015

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

Smoliga

Hegedus

Ford

2015

Physical Therapy in Sport

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“…Differences in pacing strategy may have also been influenced by an expected longer time trial duration in the NMT condition. Further, speed differences in the early stages of the run may result from an unmatched perception of speed between treadmill and overground running (Kong, Koh, Tan, & Wang, 2012), where the static external surroundings make treadmill runners perceive themselves to be running faster than they really are. However, during the middle three intervals (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The validity of endurance running performance on the Curve 3^TMnon-motorised treadmill

Stevens¹,

Hacene²,

Wellham³

et al. 2014

Journal of Sports Sciences

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This study aimed to test the validity of a non-motorised treadmill (NMT) for the measurement of self-paced overground endurance running performance. Ten male runners performed randomised 5-km running time trials on a NMT and an outdoor athletics track. A range of physiological and perceptual responses was measured, and foot strike was classified subjectively. Performance time was strongly correlated (r = 0.82, ICC = 0.86) between running modes, despite running time being significantly longer on the NMT (1264 ± 124 s vs. 1536 ± 130 s for overground and NMT, respectively; P < 0.001). End blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion were significantly higher on the NMT compared to overground. Integrated electromyography was significantly lower on the NMT for three muscles (P < 0.05), and mean stride rate was also significantly lower on the NMT (P = 0.04). Cardiorespiratory responses of heart rate, oxygen uptake and expired air volume demonstrated strong correlations (r = 0.68-0.96, ICC = 0.75-0.97) and no statistical differences (P > 0.05). Runners were consistently slower on the NMT, and as such it should not be used to measure performance over a specific distance. However, the strong correlations suggest that superior overground performance was reflected in relative terms on the NMT, and therefore, it is a valid tool for the assessment of endurance running performance in the laboratory.

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“…Additionally, values of HR med (bpm) and HR max (bpm) were statistically different between the two trial types (P = 0.016 and 0.030, respectively). There was no difference in RPE final (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) between the two types of test (P > 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Another important element that may have had an influence on our findings is the difference in perceived running velocity when being tested on a treadmill or on a track 7,18 . In a study conducted by Kong et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regard to test environments, time trials can be conducted in the field (athletics track) or in laboratories (treadmill). Studies that have investigated differences in running patterns between the two have found differences between trials conducted on a track or treadmill in relation to biomechanical aspects, maximum velocity attained and perceived velocity [7][8][9][10] . Nummela et al 9 and Morin and Seve 8 analyzed maximal sprint tests conducted on treadmill or track and found that maximum velocity attained was statistically higher on the track than on the treadmill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparação entre desempenhos de corrida time trial realizados em pista e esteira

Peserico

Machado

2014

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-Few studies have investigated the influence of test environment (field vs. laboratory) on pacing strategy and on physiological variables measured during endurance running performance tests. The objective of this study was therefore to compare the behavior of mean velocity (MV), pacing strategy, heart rate (HR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during one-hour running time trials conducted on an athletics track with the behavior of the same variables during one-hour running time trials conducted on a treadmill. Eighteen male recreational runners (25.4 ± 3.3 years) performed two one-hour time trials; the first running on a treadmill and the second on a 400 m athletics track. Rating of perceived exertion and HR were recorded every 10 minutes and MV was calculated every 15 minutes for analysis of pacing strategy (0-15min; 15-30min; 30-45min; and 45-60min). These performance variables were compared using Student's t test for paired samples. Figures for MV, HR and RPE measured at different points during the trials were compared using two-factor ANOVA for repeated measures, followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test. A significance level of P < 0.05 was adopted for all analyses. Mean velocity was higher for the trials on the running track (12.2 ± 0.8 km·h -1 ) than for the trials on the treadmill (11.8 ± 0.8 km·h -1 ). Additionally, there were also differences between the two test environments for mean and maximum heart rate, and in terms of pacing strategy. On the basis of these differences, it can be concluded that performance was influenced by the environment in which the one-hour time trials were conducted. Key words: Athletic performance; Environment; Running. (25,4 ± 3,3 anos) (12,2 ± 0,8 km·h -1 ) foi superior à prova em esteira (11,8 ± 0,8 km·h -1 Resumo -Poucos estudos verificaram a influência do ambiente de teste (campo e laboratório) sobre o ritmo de corrida e variáveis fisiológicas obtidas durante o desempenho em corrida de endurance. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o comportamento da velocidade média (VM), ritmo de corrida, frequência cardíaca (FC) e percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE) obtidas durante os desempenhos de corrida em provas time trial de uma hora realizados em pista de atletismo e em esteira. Dezoito homens corredores recreacionais

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Unmatched perception of speed when running overground and on a treadmill

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

The validity of endurance running performance on the Curve 3^TMnon-motorised treadmill

Comparação entre desempenhos de corrida time trial realizados em pista e esteira

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Unmatched perception of speed when running overground and on a treadmill

Cited by 36 publications

References 18 publications

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

Increased physiologic intensity during walking and running on a non-motorized, curved treadmill

The validity of endurance running performance on the Curve 3TMnon-motorised treadmill

Comparação entre desempenhos de corrida time trial realizados em pista e esteira

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The validity of endurance running performance on the Curve 3^TMnon-motorised treadmill