Unmanned marine vehicle use at Hurricanes Wilma and Ike

A Survey on Unmanned Surface Vehicles for Disaster Robotics: Main Challenges and Directions

“…Sensor Payload and Threat Detection : Appropriate sensor positioning must be considered during the design and testing of the USV, to avoid problems while in operation: as seen in [62], the sensor payload must be robust to withstand the water force, especially in the case of underwater sensors since it may damage or knock them out of alignment. Furthermore, a USV designed for DM should ideally be equipped to detect different types of threats, such as nuclear, biological, chemical and even explosive detectors: for example, the CBRNE sensor system, which integrates Chemical, Biological, Radiation, Nuclear, and Explosive sensors [243].…”

“…For post-disaster bridge inspection after hurricane Ike, a category four storm that struck Galveston, Texas in 2008, Steimle et al [62] and Murphy et al [63,64] use a combination of a Sea-RAI USV with two UUVs (YSI EcoMapper and a tethered VideoRay) to inspect the bridge footings by searching for scour and mapping the debris field around the bridge. The Sea-RAI USV is a platform based on two 6ft catamaran hulls that carry an acoustic camera for sub-surface inspection and three video cameras for viewing above the waterline.…”

“…The first known deployment of USVs for damage assessment was in 2005, three days after Hurricane Wilma’s landfall [19,61,62,83]. The Center for Robotic-Assisted SAR (CRASAR), along with the Institute for Safety Security Rescue Technology (iSSRT) used a USV and UAV team to assist response crews in verifying the structural integrity of Marco Island’s seawall and piers, as well as to locate submerged debris and define safe lanes for sea navigation.…”

“…In 2008, CRASAR also assisted in the response phase of hurricane Ike [62,63,64], successfully deploying a Sea-RAI USV to inspect the structural integrity of the Rollover Pass Bridge in Texas, USA. The deployment missions were: (1) To evaluate the utility and performance of the USV in inspecting the bridge’s submerged structure; (2) To map the hurricane’s debris field.…”

The review unmanned surface vehicle path planning: Based on multi-modality constraint

“…Patrol USV based on metacentric automatic adjustment function (S. Zhao et al, 2018), USV information collection and patrol (G. Oriolo et al, 1995), USVs operating in harbour fields (Casalino, G. et al, 2009); inspect littoral structures (Steimle, E., et al, 2009); complete coverage path planning of USV for island mapping (Yuxuan, Z., et al, 2017) Table 3 USVs automation and intelligent level classification Classification Level Description Current Research Status Level one Remotely control and plan the ship's path. have achieved (Caccia, M. et al, 2008) Level two The ability of path tracking.…”