Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Johnson, Eric N.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-5102-9_100039-1

Encyclopedia of Systems and Control 2020

DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4471-5102-9_100039-1

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Eric N. Johnson

Abstract: The rapidly evolving field of unmanned aerial vehicles, drones, or, more simply, an aircraft without a pilot in it, is considered by many to be a cutting-edge technology. At the same time, it has a surprisingly long history. This article summarizes the history of the unmanned aircraft, deals with some of many definitions that confuse newcomers to this topic, and summarizes where things stand on the related technology and policy.

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2023

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Monitoring and risk analysis of residual pesticides drifted by unmanned aerial spraying

Kim

Yuan

Kim

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to investigate the residual characteristics of pesticides drifted by unmanned aerial spray according to buffer strip, windbreak, and morphological characteristics of non-target crops, suggest prevention for drift reduction, and finally conduct a risk analysis on pesticides exceeding the maximum residue limit (MRL) or uniform level (0.01 mg/kg) of the positive list system (PLS). Non-target crops were collected around the aerial sprayed area (paddy rice) in Boryeong, Seocheon, and Pyeongtaek after UAV spray. When pesticides were detected in more than three samples, Duncan’s multiple range test was performed. In cases where pesticides were detected in only two samples, an independent sample t-test was conducted (p < 0.05). The drift rate of pesticides tends to decrease by up to 100% as the buffer distance from aerial sprayed area increases or when a windbreak, such as maize, is present between two locations. Thus, the reduction of drifted pesticides could be effective if both factors were applied near the UAV spray area. Moreover, the residue of drifted pesticides was found to be the highest in leafy vegetables such as perilla leaves or leaf and stem vegetables such as Welsh onion, followed by fruit vegetables and cucurbits, owing to the morphological characteristics of crops. Therefore, selecting pulse or cereal such as soybean or maize as a farm product near the UAV spray area can be considered to minimize the drift. For pesticides that exceed the MRL or PLS uniform level, %acceptable dietary intake is 0–0.81% with no risk. Additionally, employing pesticides approved for both paddy rice and farm products in UAV spraying can effectively minimize instances where MRL or PLS are exceeded. Therefore, this study aims to provide farmers with effective guidelines for mitigating drift. Furthermore, we strive to promote stable and uninterrupted food production while facilitating the utilization of agricultural technologies such as UAV spraying to address labor shortages and ensure sustainable food security.

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Monitoring and risk analysis of residual pesticides drifted by unmanned aerial spraying

Kim

Yuan

Kim

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

Cited by 1 publication

References 1 publication

Monitoring and risk analysis of residual pesticides drifted by unmanned aerial spraying

Monitoring and risk analysis of residual pesticides drifted by unmanned aerial spraying

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