“…Microfinance institutions (MFIs) stand as pivotal financial entities with a distinctive missionto provide essential financial services to low-income individuals, fostering the growth of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) (Goda & Clifford Gomera, 2022;Gora et al, 2023;Sriary & Nyoman, 2020). Their role extends beyond traditional banking, aiming to bridge the financial gap and empower communities through enhanced access to financial services, thereby catalyzing the development of MSMEs (Kanake & Mahesh, 2018;Kato, 2023;Louman et al, 2022). The inherent success and longevity of these MFIs are intricately tied to the principles of business sustainability, where the ability to endure and prosper over the long term is shaped by multifaceted factors, prominently among them being leadership and financial performance (Ferdous & Ullah, 2023;Tibaijuka, 2013).…”