Unlocking the bovine genome

Tellam, Ross L.; Lemay, Danielle G.; Tassell, Curtis P. Van; Lewin, Harris A.; Worley, Kim C.; Elsik, Christine G.

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-10-193

Cited by 52 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Remarkably, the human genome is more closely resembled by the bovine genome than by the genome of laboratory rodents. It also has been confirmed recently that, compared to other taxa, the genome of mice is much more rearranged [10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introduction the Values Of Large Animal Models In Biomedicalsupporting

confidence: 53%

The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and <em>In Vivo</em> Sampling Techniques

Prohl

Ostermann

Lohr

et al. 2014

JoVE

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There is an ongoing search for alternative animal models in research of respiratory medicine. Depending on the goal of the research, large animals as models of pulmonary disease often resemble the situation of the human lung much better than mice do. Working with large animals also offers the opportunity to sample the same animal repeatedly over a certain course of time, which allows long-term studies without sacrificing the animals.The aim was to establish in vivo sampling methods for the use in a bovine model of a respiratory Chlamydia psittaci infection. Sampling should be performed at various time points in each animal during the study, and the samples should be suitable to study the host response, as well as the pathogen under experimental conditions. Bronchoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool in human and veterinary medicine. It is a safe and minimally invasive procedure. This article describes the intrabronchial inoculation of calves as well as sampling methods for the lower respiratory tract. Videoendoscopic, intrabronchial inoculation leads to very consistent clinical and pathological findings in all inoculated animals and is, therefore, well-suited for use in models of infectious lung disease. The sampling methods described are bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial brushing and transbronchial lung biopsy. All of these are valuable diagnostic tools in human medicine and could be adapted for experimental purposes to calves aged 6-8 weeks. The samples obtained were suitable for both pathogen detection and characterization of the severity of lung inflammation in the host.

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Section: Introduction the Values Of Large Animal Models In Biomedicalsupporting

confidence: 53%

The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and <em>In Vivo</em> Sampling Techniques

Prohl

Ostermann

Lohr

et al. 2014

JoVE

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“…According to Tellam et al (2009), alterations in the organization of specific gene families in the bovine lineage could have informed peculiar genome similarities and differences across other mammalian species. It thus suggests that the evolution of all these six putative imprinted genes except NAP1L4, may have undergone cattle-specific changes that are indicative of the evolutionary adaptations to the immediate environment, disease challenges , reproductive functions (Rodriguez-osorio et al, 2009), growth and development (Ulzun et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Sequence Characteristics and Phylogenetics of Putative Imprinted Genes on Bovine Chromosome 29

Bamidele¹,

Omitogun²,

Imumorin³

2015

JAS

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Cattle are important livestock species with huge genetic resource for food security, agriculture and livelihoods. Over 60% of its genes are homologous to all mammalian species which creates a molecular basis for conducting comparative genomic analysis. Genomic imprinting has been implicated in a variety of biological functions and so identification of new or verification of known imprinted genes in livestock species is of high agricultural and biomedical importance. Fourteen (14) putative imprinted genes on bovine chromosome 29 (Bta 29) as well as the human (Hg 11) and mouse (Mm 7) orthologs were computationally characterized with respect to the CpG islands (CGI), transcription factor binding elements and sequence motif. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted across the three species for each of the genes identified to have promoter CGI. Promoter CGI were identified in ASCL2, TSSC4, CDKN1C, KCNQ1, PHLDA2 and NAP1L4. The promoter CGI were enriched with CpG containing transcription factor binding sites. Generally, it was observed that cattle was more closely related to human than mouse and that natural selection was the force driving the evolutionary change between the three species. Protein kinase motifs involved in phosphorylation were identified in the amino-acid sequences of ASCL2, TSSC4, PHLDA2 and NAP1L4. Our results suggest the post-translation regulation of imprinting and that the predicted promoter CGI can be assayed to determine molecular function, gene expression and DNA methylation status of the bovine putative imprinted genes.

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“…This is a readily available and attractive in vitroin vitro model system to study bovine muscle. The system may also be used as a supplement in human medical research, as cattle are evolutionary closer to humans than rodents and the bovine genome is fully sequenced (Tellam et al, 2009). For some purposes it is desirable to perform many analyses on the same set of cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The neural cell adhesion marker (NCAM) is expressed in proliferating human and rat cells (Boldrin et al, 2010), but not in mice muscle cells (Capkovic et al, 2008). Cattle are evolutionary closer to humans than rodents, and the entire bovine genome is fully sequenced in order to provide an important supplement for human medical research (Tellam et al, 2009). To establish and characterize a bovine primary cell model system is thus desirable to acquire information about muscle development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The combination of glycosaminoglycans and fibrous proteins improves cell proliferation and early differentiation of bovine primary skeletal muscle cells

et al. 2013

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Primary muscle cell model systems from farm animals are widely used to acquire knowledge about muscle development, muscle pathologies, overweight issues and tissue regeneration. The morphological properties of a bovine primary muscle cell model system, in addition to cell proliferation and differentiation features, were characterized using immunocytochemistry, western blotting and real-time PCR. We observed a reorganization of the Golgi complex in differentiated cells. The Golgi complex transformed to a highly fragmented network of small stacks of cisternae positioned throughout the myotubes as well as around the nucleus. Different extracellular matrix (ECM) components were used as surface coatings in order to improve cell culture conditions. Our experiments demonstrated improved proliferation and early differentiation for cells grown on surface coatings containing a mixture of both glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and fibrous proteins. We suggest that GAGs and fibrous proteins mixed together into a composite biomaterial can mimic a natural ECM, and this could improve myogenesis for in vitroin vitro cell cultures.Abbreviations: used: ECMextracellular (The author would like to point out that there should be a space between the abbrevations and the subsequent explanation. ) matrix; GAGsglucosaminoglycans;MRFGAGsglucosaminoglycans, MRF, myogenic regulatory transcription factor; PGproteoglycan

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Unlocking the bovine genome

Abstract: The draft genome sequence of cattle (Bos taurus) has now been analyzed by the Bovine Genome Sequencing and Analysis Consortium and the Bovine HapMap Consortium, which together represent an extensive collaboration involving more than 300 scientists from 25 different countries.

Cited by 52 publications

References 29 publications

The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and <em>In Vivo</em> Sampling Techniques

The Bovine Lung in Biomedical Research: Visually Guided Bronchoscopy, Intrabronchial Inoculation and <em>In Vivo</em> Sampling Techniques

DNA Sequence Characteristics and Phylogenetics of Putative Imprinted Genes on Bovine Chromosome 29

The combination of glycosaminoglycans and fibrous proteins improves cell proliferation and early differentiation of bovine primary skeletal muscle cells

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