Allergic diseases affects millions worldwide, with growing evidence of an increase in allergy occurrence over the past few decades. Current treatments for allergy include corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and allergen immunotherapy (AIT); however, some individuals experience treatment-resistant inflammation or adverse reactions to these treatments, and neither are currently approved for the treatment of food allergy. There is a dire need for new therapeutic approaches for individuals with poorly controlled atopic diseases and to improve the safety and effectiveness of AIT. Improved understanding of allergy through animal models and clinical trials has unveiled potential targets for new therapies, leading to the development of several biologics to treat allergic diseases. This review focuses on the mechanisms that contribute to allergy, with an emphasis on future targets for biologics for the treatment of food allergy. These biologics include immunotherapy with novel anti-IgE antibodies and analogs, small molecule inhibitors of cell signaling, anti-type 2 cytokine monoclonal antibodies and Th1-promoting adjuvants.