University–industry cooperation: a taxonomy of intermediaries

Abstract

The fragmentation of the literature on intermediaries between the university and industry has led to a disorganised and confused theoretical landscape. This research addresses this gap in the literature by proposing an analytical tool that can be used as guidance. For this purpose, this work provides a taxonomy of these intermediaries and classifies them into five different classes. To this end, we review 125 studies on university–industry cooperation (UIC) intermediaries. In addition to the general and innovation-related information, we extracted specific data related to the relevant UIC intermediaries from each article, i.e. the type(s) of intermediary addressed and its identified functions. This taxonomy is based on twenty-two functions identified in the UIC intermediary literature and thirteen UIC intermediary types. The five proposed classes of intermediaries are specialised in five different roles. This integrative background can be applied in future research and in the definition of policy-based guidelines.

How networked are Medical Schools? Evidence from Portugal

“…On the other hand, other organisations such as pharmaceutical companies often have access to resources such as funding, sophisticated equipment, drug development and commercialisation expertise, and regulatory approval experience (De Carolis, 2003;Henderson et al 1994). By collaborating, these organisations can pool their resources and expertise to advance innovation and bring new products and services to market (Santos et al, 2023).…”

“…This is particularly relevant in healthcare, a sector characterised by complex and evolving challenges (Cheng et al, 2020). Establishing strong global collaboration networks plays a critical role in helping Medical Schools to move their knowledge closer to clinical practice and health industries to become more competitive (Mascarenhas et al, 2018;Santos et al, 2023). This paper sets out to map, characterise and understand the connections of Medical Schools to their sectoral systems of innovation (Malerba, 2005;Daesh et al, 2020).…”

Looking Back to Move Forward: Bibliometric and Visual Analysis of Knowledge Transfer in University-Industry Collaboration

“…These initiatives aim to accelerate knowledge transfer (KT) between universities and industries, thereby fostering industry innovation and stimulating rapid economic development [7], [8]. These measures have greatly accelerated the KT activities of universities and industries and set off a research boom in the field of knowledge transfer in universityindustry collaboration (KTUIC) [9]- [11]. Based on the definition by Bloedon [12], this article defines KTUIC as the process by which knowledge concerning the making or doing of useful things generated by one party of the university or industry is brought into use in the other party through collaboration.…”