Universal Quantum Fluctuations of a Cavity Mode Driven by a Josephson Junction

Armour, A. D.; Blencowe, M. P.; Brahimi, Erind; Rimberg, A. J.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.247001

Cited by 73 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The charge-photon interactions can be tuned using the voltage to generate an effective cavity drive which is strongly nonlinear [13][14][15], leading to dissipative dynamics and critical behavior very different from commonly studied nonlinear quantum oscillator systems [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Furthermore, all of the energy from the voltage source can be converted into photons leading to an average dc current that is strictly proportional to the rate at which photons are produced [2,11], unlike other conductors such as semiconductor quantum dots, where typically only a small fraction of the charges generate photons [4,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise switching at a dynamical critical point in a cavity-conductor hybrid

2017

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A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of record. If you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the repository url above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.For more information, please contact eprints@nottingham.ac.ukNoise switching at a dynamical critical point in a cavity-conductor hybrid Coupling a mesoscopic conductor to a microwave cavity can lead to fascinating feedback effects which generate strong correlations between the dynamics of photons and charges. We explore the connection between cavity dynamics and charge transport in a model system consisting of a voltagebiased Josephson junction embedded in a high-Q cavity, focussing on the behavior as the system is tuned through a dynamical critical point. On one side of the critical point the noise is strongly suppressed, signalling the existence of a novel regime of highly coherent transport, but on the other side it switches abruptly to a much larger value. Using a semiclassical approach we show that this behavior arises because of the strongly nonlinear cavity drive generated by the Cooper pairs. We also uncover an equivalence between charge and photonic current noise in the system which opens up a route to detecting the critical behavior through straightforward microwave measurements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise switching at a dynamical critical point in a cavity-conductor hybrid

2017

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“…A [35][36][37]. There are also other possibilities to resonantly excite multiple-period modes in microwave cavities [38].…”

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confidence: 99%

Time-translation-symmetry breaking in a driven oscillator: From the quantum coherent to the incoherent regime

et al. 2017

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We study the breaking of the discrete time-translation symmetry in small periodically driven quantum systems. Such systems are intermediate between large closed systems and small dissipative systems, which both display the symmetry breaking, but have qualitatively different dynamics. As a nontrivial example we consider period tripling in a quantum nonlinear oscillator. We show that, for moderately strong driving, the period tripling is robust on an exponentially long time scale, which is further extended by an even weak decoherence.The breaking of translation symmetry in time, first proposed by Wilczek [1], has been attracting much attention recently. Such symmetry breaking can occur only away from thermal equilibrium [2]. It is of particular interest for periodically driven systems, which have a discrete time-translation symmetry imposed by the driving. Here, the time symmetry breaking is manifested in the onset of oscillations with a period that is a multiple of the driving period t F . Oscillations with period 2t F due to simultaneously initialized protected boundary states were studied in photonic quantum walks [3]; period-two oscillations can also be expected from the coexistence of Floquet Majorana fermions with quasienergies 0 and π/t F in a cold-atom system [4]. The onset of periodtwo phases was predicted and analyzed [5][6][7][8][9][10] in Floquet many-body localized systems, and the first observations of oscillations at multiples of the driving period in disordered systems were reported [11,12].In systems coupled to a thermal bath, on the other hand, the effect of period doubling has been well-known. A textbook example is a classical oscillator modulated close to twice its eigenfrequency and displaying vibrations with period 2t F [13]. The oscillator has two states of such vibrations; they have opposite phases, reminiscent of a ferromagnet with two orientations of the magnetization. Several aspects of the dynamics of a parametric oscillator in the quantum regime have been studied theoretically, cf. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], and in experiments, cf. [22][23][24]. For a sufficiently strong driving field, a quantum dissipative oscillator, like a classical oscillator, mostly performs vibrations with period 2t F . The interplay of quantum fluctuations and dissipation leads to transitions between the period-two vibrational states, but the rate of these transitions is exponentially small [18].The goal of this paper is to study time symmetry breaking in isolated or almost isolated driven quantum systems with a few degrees of freedom. They are intermediate between large closed systems and dissipative systems, where the nature of the symmetry breaking is very different. To this end, we analyze a driven nonlinear quantum oscillator. Time symmetry breaking in this system should not be limited to period doubling. As an illustration of a behavior qualitatively different from period doubling, we consider period tripling and find the conditions where it occurs. We also address the role of decoherence and the co...

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“…In phase space both types of solutions display ellipsoidal orbits. The transition from type-I to type-II solutions at the bifurcation point λ 1 has also been found in the classical limit of a quantum description within rotating-wave approximation in 36,37 . Fig.…”

Section: A Weak Driving Regimementioning

confidence: 84%

“…also [36]). The full solution with an additional contribution |ϕ 1 | |ϕ 1 2 | and θ 1 ≈ π/2 shows similar threshold behavior with some quantitative corrections (cf.…”

Section: A Integer Multi-photon Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While quantum properties of the system, in particular of the emitted microwave radiation have been investigated widely, both theoretically [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and within new experiments 46 , due to the complexity and richness of nonlinear effects a deeper understanding of the purely classical dynamics of the system is instructive, but also of relevance for current experimental activities 29 , as we will discuss below. This is especially the case, as the nonlinearity enters the system in a peculiar way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonators coupled to voltage-biased Josephson junctions: From linear response to strongly driven nonlinear oscillations

et al. 2015

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Motivated by recent experiments, where a voltage biased Josephson junction is placed in series with a resonator, the classical dynamics of the circuit is studied in various domains of parameter space. This problem can be mapped onto the dissipative motion of a single degree of freedom in a nonlinear time-dependent potential, where in contrast to conventional settings the nonlinearity appears in the driving while the static potential is purely harmonic. For long times the system approaches steady states which are analyzed in the underdamped regime over the full range of driving parameters including the fundamental resonance as well as higher and sub-harmonics. Observables such as the dc-Josephson current and the radiated microwave power give direct information about the underlying dynamics covering phenomena as bifurcations, irregular motion, up-and down conversion. Due to their tunability, present and future set-ups provide versatile platforms to explore the changeover from linear response to strongly nonlinear behavior in driven dissipative systems under well defined conditions. I. INTRODUCTIONThe nonlinear properties of Josephson junctions (JJs) have made such devices a key circuit element for classical and quantum electronics. Accordingly, there has been a long tradition of studying non-linear phenomena in driven superconducting circuits, starting as early as the 1960s with the discovery of Shapiro steps 1 . While Shapiro-steps have remained a tool in exploring new directions in Josephson physics, for instance in atomic point contacts 2-6 , other nonlinear phenomena, like synchronization, have been investigated in arrays of JJs: as a test-bed for generic theory models to capture synchronization phenomena 7,8 , but as importantly with the prospect of applications as sources of more intense coherent radiation 9 , cf. also new developments using intrinsic arrays 10-12 .More recently, the nonlinearity of the JJ was exploited as the crucial factor in enabling the high sensitivity of Josephson bifurcation amplifiers, achieving substantial improvements towards reaching quantum-limited measurement processes [13][14][15][16] . Most of the features of Josephson bifurcation amplifiers, in fact, only rely on (and can consequently be described by) any type of nonlinearity 17-22 , e.g., Duffing-type models, so that only recently the full nonlinear potential of the JJ has become of interest in this field 23 .A recent addition to the field of driven nonlinear JJs 24-26 are experiments on a dc-biased JJ connected to a resonator 27-29 . In this sort of setup, charge transfer through the JJ leads to excitations in the resonator, and therefore allows to convert energy carried by charge quanta into quantum microwave photons. In these devices measurement of both the Josephson current and the emitted microwave radiation is possible, a distinct advantage in comparison to other recently proposed transport setups 30,31 , which show similar nonlinear features like bifurcations, period multiplication and up-and downconversion 32-34 . S...

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Universal Quantum Fluctuations of a Cavity Mode Driven by a Josephson Junction

Cited by 73 publications

References 45 publications

Noise switching at a dynamical critical point in a cavity-conductor hybrid

Noise switching at a dynamical critical point in a cavity-conductor hybrid

Time-translation-symmetry breaking in a driven oscillator: From the quantum coherent to the incoherent regime

Resonators coupled to voltage-biased Josephson junctions: From linear response to strongly driven nonlinear oscillations

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