Universal Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Optical Modulation for Ultrafast Pulse Generation Enabled by Colloidal Plasmonic Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Guo, Qiangbing; Yao, Yunhua; Luo, Zhi‐Chao; Qin, Zhipeng; Xie, Guoqiang; Li, Meng; Kang, Jia; Zhang, Shian; Bi, Gang; Liu, Xiaofeng; Qiu, Jianrong

doi:10.1021/acsnano.6b04536

Cited by 102 publications

(84 citation statements)

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“…As for optical modulation, an indispensable technology for modern optical communication, controlling optical properties of a material by changing its refractive index is a widely adopted pathway . The refractive index of a material, however, is temperature dependent, which implies a way for optical modulation mediated by thermal control.…”

Section: Comparison Of Different 2d Materials‐based Similar Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Guo

Shao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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As the left neighbor of carbon in the periodic table, boron is very similar to carbon in electronic properties and strong bonding characters, and both undertake important roles in living organisms. [8][9][10][11] However, due to the unique trivalent electronic configuration, boron is among the most chemically versatile elements, which shows polymorphism in low-dimensional structures and thus richer properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity, high carrier mobility, massless Dirac fermions, superhardness, to name a few. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Although the 2D form borophene has recently been experimentally realized by several groups under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions and by another one with chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [12,15,22,23] the related researches of borophene are still mainly concentrated on theoretical predictions and computational calculations. [13,20,21,[24][25][26][27][28] Experimental work is largely lagged behind, which, to a large extent, is due to its chemical and structural complexities and thus challenging synthesis. [13,14] On the other hand, up to now, most of 2D boron-related researches are on the electronic and mechanical properties by theoretical methods, let alone experimental study of its optical properties and related applications. According to several recent theoretical predictions, 2D boron bears fascinating features that are totally different from other 2D materials, such as thicknessdependent transparency and visible/near-infrared plasmons. [26,27] Here, based on liquid-exfoliated boron nanosheets, for the first time, we demonstrate an all-optical phase shifter at the telecommunication band that is mediated by the efficient photo-thermal response in boron nanosheets. The constructed phase shifter shows an order of magnitude faster response speed and higher modulation efficiency compared with other 2D material-based similar devices. Consequently, a high-efficiency and stable allfiber, all-optical modulator was successfully realized based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) configuration, which could be further employed for all-optical logic gating operations. As proof-of-concept demonstrations, we successfully achieved all-optical logic AND and NOT gates by exploiting the superior photo-thermal response in boron nanosheets. Our work marks an important step toward exploring the optical and photonic applications of 2D boron nanosheets.Due to its unique trivalent electronic configuration, boron features richer properties as well as higher chemical and structural complexities compared with its right neighbor carbon. Consequently, over a decade later than the exfoliation of graphene, borophene has just been experimentally demonstrated on certain metal substrates and under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, which, however, limit its wide and in-depth experimental researches. Here, for the first time, by employing liquid-exfoliated boron nanosheets, all-optical signal processing application is explored based on its superior photo-thermal response. A stable all-opt...

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Section: Comparison Of Different 2d Materials‐based Similar Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Guo

Shao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…is also valid for conventional plasmonic materials. Very strong nonlinearity was observed for thin ITO films at the plasma frequency in the telecommunication spectral range as well as using semiconductor plasmonic nanocrystals …”

Section: Kerr‐type Nonlinearity and Ultrafast Nonlinear Plasmonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐electron Optical Nonlinearities in Plasmonic Nanostructures: A Review of the Hydrodynamic Description

Krasavin

Ginzburg

Zayats

2017

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Requirements of integrated photonics and miniaturisation of optical devices demand efficient nonlinear components not constrained by conventional macroscopic nonlinear crystals. Intrinsic nonlinear response of free carriers in plasmonic materials provides opportunities to design both second-and third-order nonlinear optical properties of plasmonic nanostructures and control light with light using Kerr-type nonlinearities as well as achieve harmonic generation. This review summarises principles of free-carrier nonlinearities in the hydrodynamic description in both perturbative and non-perturbative regimes, considering also contribution of nonlocal effects. Engineering of harmonic generation, solitons, nonlinear refraction and ultrafast all-optical switching in plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials are discussed. The full hydrodynamic consideration of nonlinear dynamics of free carriers reveals key contributions to the nonlinear effects defined by the interplay between a topology of the nanostructure and nonlinear response of the fermionic gas at the nanoscale, allowing design of high effective nonlinearities in a desired spectral range. Flexibility and unique features of free-electron nonlinearities are important for nonlinear plasmonic applications in free-space as well as integrated and quantum nanophotonic technologies.

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“…The defect absorption peak for CGO‐1 and CGO‐2 are different, which caused by the position of defect level is different with the Zn doping ratio increasing. In addition, the absorption intensity of Zn doped CGO NPs is much higher than pure CGO NPs in near infrared region, this can be ascribed to LSPR absorption which arise from collective oscillation of free carrier introduced by Zn doping . However, the LSPR absorption peaks are not observed obviously for CGO‐1 and CGO‐2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Absorption Generated by Free Carriers in Zn‐Doped CuGa_1−xZn_xO₂ Nanoplates

Wang

et al. 2019

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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This study reports the synthesis of Zn‐doped hexagonal CuGaO2 (CGO) nanoplates (NPs) and CuGa1−xZnxO2 NPs/ZnO nanowires (NWs) array heterostructures through a hydrothermal method. Remarkably, the absorption properties of CuGa1−xZnxO2 NPs show three absorption regions which can be ascribed to the direct bandgap absorption, defect level absorption, and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption. A dramatically increased LSPR absorption peak is induced by Zn‐doped CGO NPs fabricated in high precursor concentration conditions, and the absorption intensity of infrared region is increased by almost 13 times compared with pure CGO NPs. The hole carrier concentration of CuGa1−xZnxO2 NPs is estimated to be about 1021 cm−3 by the Drude model. Furthermore, the photoluminescence (PL) properties of CuGa1−xZnxO2 NPs/ZnO NWs heterojunctions under different Zn doping ratios have been studied, a further red‐shift appears in PL spectra with increasing Zn doping ratio. Combined with optical properties and facile processing method, these solution‐processed CuGa1−xZnxO2 NPs may offer a scalable and printable material solution for optoelectronic devices and nonlinear optics.

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Universal Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Optical Modulation for Ultrafast Pulse Generation Enabled by Colloidal Plasmonic Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Cited by 102 publications

References 40 publications

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Free‐electron Optical Nonlinearities in Plasmonic Nanostructures: A Review of the Hydrodynamic Description

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Absorption Generated by Free Carriers in Zn‐Doped CuGa_1−xZn_xO₂ Nanoplates

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Universal Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Optical Modulation for Ultrafast Pulse Generation Enabled by Colloidal Plasmonic Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Cited by 102 publications

References 40 publications

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Boron Nanosheets for Efficient All‐Optical Modulation and Logic Operation

Free‐electron Optical Nonlinearities in Plasmonic Nanostructures: A Review of the Hydrodynamic Description

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Absorption Generated by Free Carriers in Zn‐Doped CuGa1−xZnxO2 Nanoplates

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Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Absorption Generated by Free Carriers in Zn‐Doped CuGa_1−xZn_xO₂ Nanoplates