Universal dependence of the total number albedo of photons on the mean number of photon scatterings

Abstract

This paper presents the results of research on photon reflection from plane targets based on Monte Carlo simulations performed by the MCNP code. Five materials (water, concrete, aluminum, iron, and copper) are examined in the area of initial photon energies of up to 200 keV. The values of the total number albedo for photons dependent on the initial photon energy or the mean number of photon scatterings are calculated and graphically presented. We have shown that the values of the total number albedo for different target materials, expressed as a function of the mean number of photon scatterings, are in good agreement with each other and can be approximated by simple, universal analytic functions obtained by the least squares method. The accuracy of these analytic appoximations is confirmed by their comparison with the results of PENELOPE and FOTELP Monte Carlo codes

Integral particle reflection coefficient for oblique incidence of photons as universal function in the domain of initial energies up to 300 keV

“…In our pre vi ously pub lished pa pers [10,11] it was shown that for nor mal pho ton in ci dence it was pos si ble to pres ent the num ber and en ergy albedo of pho tons as func tions of the mean num ber of pho ton col li sions in the ma te rial or as func tions of the pa ram eter m/Z eff , and that these func tions were uni ver sal for…”

“…We have made an at tempt to an a lyze the oblique pho ton in ci dence us ing the ap proach and meth od ology ap plied for the nor mal in ci dence, de scribed in [7,10,11,13]. It is based on a three di men sional model of a pla nar thick slab of ma te rial which is a tar get for a nar row beam of monoenergetic pho tons.…”

“…This means that a sin gle func tion can de scribe reflec tion of one type of par ti cles from dif fer ent tar get ma te ri als and for dif fer ent par ti cle en er gies. Num ber of pa pers have been pub lished on this topic [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…In the pre vi ous ten years the au thors pub lished sev eral pa pers [7][8][9][10][11]13], in which anal y ses of pho ton re flec tion were done and the uni ver sal be hav ior of the in te gral re flec tion co ef fi cients was ex plored, based on the re sults of the Monte Carlo sim u la tions of pho ton trans port in a set of ma te ri als of in ter est. Those anal yses cov ered the do main of in ci dent pho ton en er gies up to 300 keV and were lim ited to nor mal pho ton in cidence only.…”

Photon albedo coefficients as functions of μ/Zeff parameter

“…As a con se quence, a sin gle func tion can suc cess fully de scribe re flec tion of one type of par ticles from dif fer ent tar get ma te ri als within the de fined en ergy range. Num ber of pa pers has been pub lished on that topic in the sci en tific lit er a ture over a lon ger period of time [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. In this pa per, re flec tion of pho tons from typ i cal shield ing ma te ri als (wa ter, con crete, aluminum, iron, and cop per) for ini tial pho ton en er gies rang ing from 20 keV to 300 keV, is con sid ered.…”