Universal Colorimetric Detection of Nucleic Acids Based on Polydiacetylene (PDA) Liposomes

Abstract

A universal colorimetric method for the detection of nucleic acids, based on ionic interactions by polydiacetylene (PDA) liposomes, is described. Primary and quaternary amine‐modified diacetylene monomers were synthesized and used to generate positively charged PDA liposomes. The resulting PDA sensors showed a dramatic color change from blue to red upon the addition of nucleic acids amplified by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) due to the stimuli caused by ionic interactions between the positively charged PDA and negatively charged phosphate backbone of the nucleic acids. The color change that takes place can be simply detected by the naked eye. Compared with quaternary amine‐functionalized PDA vesicles, the primary amine‐functionalized PDA underwent a more intense color transition under optimized conditions. By using the PDA‐based colorimetric sensor, nucleic acids amplified by common PCR reaction, whose typical concentration is around 100 nM, can be readily detected. Since implementation of this universal colorimetric method is simple, rapid and does not require any sophisticated instrumentation, it should have greatly enhanced applications as a technology for DNA diagnosis.

Rational Design of Conjugated Polymer Supramolecules with Tunable Colorimetric Responses

“…Finally, nanostructured PDAs undergo a blue-to-red color change in response to heat (thermochromism), [23,46,47] organic solvents (solvatochromism), [48][49][50][51][52] mechanical stress (mechanochromism), [53][54][55][56] and ligandreceptor interactions (affinochromism). [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] The majority of PDA-based chemosensors, reported thus far, function in an irreversible fashion. Accordingly, the blueto-red color change that takes place when an external stimulus is applied is not reversed when the external stimulus is removed.…”

Mechanically Drawable Thermochromic and Mechanothermochromic Polydiacetylene Sensors

“…Importantly, blue colored PDAs undergo a color change to red when they are exposed to various chemical (e.g., volatile organic solvents, ions, and specifi c molecular recognition events) and physical (e.g., temperature and mechanical strain) stimuli. Stimulus-responsive colorimetric PDAs have been prepared in a variety of forms including aqueous suspensions, [24][25][26]33,43,44 ] fi lms, [13][14][15][16][17]31 ] nanowires/nanofi bers, [ 19,45,46 ] microarrays, [ 28,29,47 ] and microfl uidic chips. [ 48 ] In the investigation described below, we prepared a new crayon-like PDA-wax composite by using a mixing-molding technique.…”

Recent Advances in Nanozyme Research for Disease Diagnostics

“…질병을 일으키는 생체 물질의 DNA를 진단하는 연구는 오랜 기간 동안 다양한 방식을 통하여 진행되었다 [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. 특히 나 노자임의 특이적인 효소활성에 기반한 DNA 진단은 대부분 ssDNA와 dsDNA의 나노자임에 대한 친화력 차이를 이용하 는 방법을 통해 이루어졌다.…”