Universal barcoding regions, rbcL, matK and trnH-psbA do not discriminate Cinnamomum species in Sri Lanka

Abstract

The genus Cinnamomum consists of about 250 species spread globally. Out of these, C. verum (C. zeylanicum), also known as true cinnamon or Ceylon cinnamon, has gained worldwide attention due to its culinary uses and medicinal values. Sri Lanka is the largest true cinnamon producer in the world and accounts for about 80–90% of global production. Other than the cultivated species, Sri Lankan natural vegetation is home to seven endemic wild species of the genus Cinnamomum. While these are underutilized, proper identification and characterization are essential steps in any sustainable conservation and utilization strategies. Currently, species identification is purely based on morphological traits, and intraspecific diversity has made it more challenging. In this study, all the eight Cinnamomum species found in Sri Lanka, C. capparu-coronde, C. citriodorum C. dubium, C. litseifolium, C. ovalifolium, C. rivulorum, C. sinharajaense, and C. verum were collected in triplicates and identified using typical morphological traits. DNA extracted with the same collection was assessed with universal barcoding regions, rbcL, matK, and trnH-psbA. While no intraspecific sequence differences were observed in C. citriodorum, C. rivulorum, and C. verum, the others had polymorphic sites in one, two, or all regions assessed. Interestingly, two individuals of C. sinharajaense had identical barcodes to the cultivated species C. verum, while the other one had one variable cite in matK region and three cites in trnH-psbA reigon. Further, one C. dubium and one C. capparu-coronde accession each had identical, rbcL, and trnH-psbA sequences while those had only a single nucleotide variation observed in matK region. Overall, the phylogeny of Cinnamomum species found in Sri Lanka could not be completely resolved with DNA barcoding regions studied.

Genetic Diversity Analysis Revealed the Hot Spot of Acmella Paniculata Existing in Natural Populations of Gujarat

“…More details of the barcode analysis are shown in Table 2. In this investigation, rbcl alone was able to identify both the studied species; which has been recently proved by similar studies across different parts of the globe (Enan et al 2017;Chandrasekara et al 2021;Ho et al 2021;Li et al 2021).…”

A CTAB protocol for obtaining high-quality total RNA from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume)

“…Cinnamomum camphora is botanically and chemically distinct from other Cinnamomum species traded; Cinnamomum cassia Presl (Chinese cassia), Cinnamomum tamala Nees (Indian cassia), Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees (Chinese cinnamon), Cinnamomum urmanii Nees (Indonesian cassia) and Cinnamomum loureirii Nees (Saigon cassia) Cinnamomum (Islam et al 2009;Li et al 2010;Pragadheesh et al 2013;Sharma and Rao 2014;Fajar et al 2019). In addition, there are wild Cinnamomum species including several endemic in Sri Lanka are having potential future applications (Chandrasekara et al 2021). As we identified, the sticky and slimy nature of the cinnamon is the major barrier for quality nucleic acid isolation.…”

Multi-omics approaches for in-depth understanding of therapeutic mechanism for Traditional Chinese Medicine

“…Firstly, the inconsistent quality control methods make TCM disputable (Yao Q. et al, 2022). Based on the advancement of sequencing and chromatographic technologies, researchers have combined chemical methods (i.e., HPLC, TLC) (Wolfender et al, 2003;Zhu et al, 2010;Wang Binbin et al, 2021) and biological methods (DNA fragments: ITS2, trnL, trnH-psbA, and COI) (Vences et al, 2005;Jia et al, 2017;Xin et al, 2018a;Xin Tianyi et al, 2018b;Zhang et al, 2019a;Chandrasekara et al, 2021) for quality control of TCM formula through detecting their prescribed ingredients. These initiatives have also yielded significant results in terms of evaluating the quality control of TCM formulas [18][19][20] , which would push forward the digital management of TCM.…”

“…Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history of treating a variety of diseases around the world (Lan et al, 2015;Xiang et al, 2019;Runfeng et al, 2020). The most critical concerns of TCM are the quality of TCM formulas, as well as the effectiveness of TCM formulas, both of which have been extensively studied by researchers and physicians (Jia et al, 2017;Xin et al, 2018a;Xin et al, 2018b;Bai et al, 2019;Xiang et al, 2019;Ding et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020;Chandrasekara et al, 2021). Western medications are typically prescribed individually for a specific effect with a single component.…”