Universal and low energy-demanding platform to produce propylene carbonate from CO2 using hydrophilic ionic liquids

Process Simulation and Optimization on Ionic Liquids

“…Although the different process simulation studies usually only slightly differed in the conditioning of the raw materials that were used, they did diverge in the description of the CO 2 conversion reaction. Some authors opted to use a conversion reactor (RSTOIC model in Aspen Plus) with an experimental or benchmark value , because in some cases, either the conversion was arbitrarily set or the process behavior was studied according to this variable. , In the latter case, when the conversion was varied from 50 to 95%, , a higher conversion rate reduced the energy consumption of the overall process owing to a lower recirculation flow rate, as shown, for example, in Figure , where the specific energy consumption decreased from 3.0 to 2.6 kWh/kg product when the conversion increased from 50 to 90%. Moreover, this fact was independent of the selected IL.…”

“…The multiscale methodology concept emerged as a flexible and multilevel strategy that combined computer-aided product (IL) design and (IL-based process design) simulations to improve the IL features and, thus, key performance indicators (KPIs) within an experimentally validated model that linked the molecular and process scales. This solution was widely addressed by several chemical engineering research groups in many different IL application fields using a wide variety of computational strategies involving differently formulated predictive thermodynamic models, such as the predictive COSMO-SAC/RS ,,− and UNIFAC − methods, and those based on equation of state, such as PRK − and PC-SAFT. ,− …”

Fixation of Carbon Dioxide with Functionalized Ionic Liquids

“…Recently, based on the experimental facts that the hydroxyl group of water reduces the energy consumption and increases the pure catalytic activity of ionic liquids, a water-liquid extraction method has been proposed to regenerate ionic liquids and purify products. Through computational and experimental studies, Navarro et al [49] revealed the general characteristics of the use of hydrophilic ionic liquid/water mixtures as a CO 2 conversion platform for the production of propyl carbonate. The results showed that the hydrophilic ionic liquid is a promising catalyst because of its high catalytic activity, which can reduce the energy consumption of the process.…”

A Novel POP-Ni Catalyst Derived from PBTP for Ambient Fixation of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates

“…It is worth noting that among various chemical fixation methods of CO 2 , the cycloaddition of CO 2 and epoxide to produce cyclic carbonate has attracted widespread attention from many researchers [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. On the one hand, the cycloaddition reaction of CO 2 and epoxide is more beneficial to the development of green chemistry due to its 100% atomic economy [ 15 ]; on the other hand, as an important type of chemical product, cyclic carbonates have been commonly applied as fuel additives [ 16 ], polar non-protonic solvents [ 17 ], battery electrolytes [ 18 ], useful intermediates of drugs/fine chemicals [ 19 ], and the monomers for polycarbonate and polyurethane [ 20 , 21 ]. However, owing to the high thermodynamic and kinetic stability of CO 2 , its conversion to cyclic carbonate is highly energy-consuming and requires the use of an active catalyst.…”