Universal Adhesive Systems in Class II Amalgam Restorations

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of adhesive system in reducing microleakage in class II amalgam restorations. Methods: The teeth were divided randomly into 3 equal groups: Group I was the control experiment (Copal Vanish); Group II: single Bond Universal 3M-ESPE (with and without acid -37%); and Group III: All Bond Universal -BISCO (with and without acid -37%), after the amalgam was condensed. The root apices were then sealed with acrylic resin and stored for 24 hours in 100% humidity. After storage, the specimens were subjected to 500 cycles of thermocycling (5°C and 55°C). The teeth were isolated with cosmetic nail polish and were immersed in 0.5 basic fuchsin dye for 24 hours. The teeth then were sectioned with a diamond disc and observed under a stereomicroscope. Microleakage was assessed using a 0-3 scale of dye penetration. The data was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). Results: The microleakage scores revealed less leakage in the experimental groups than in the control group. The microleakage for the adhesives without acid conditioning was reduced, although no statistical significance was recorded (p<0.05). Conclusion: The immediate adhesive material acted effectively as a barrier for microleakage when it was applied without acid.Key words: Adhesives; Universal adhesive; Amalgams; Microleakage; Class II Sistema adesivo universal em restaurações de amálgama classe II RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do sistema adesivo na redução da microinfiltração em restaurações de amálgama classe II. Metodologia: Os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos iguais: Grupo I foi o controle (Copal Vanish); Grupo II: Single Bond Universal 3M ESPE -(com e sem ácido -37%); e Grupo III: All bond Universal -BISCO (com e sem ácido -37%) com posterior condessação do amálgama. Os ápices foram então seladas com resina acrílica e armazenado durante 24 horas em 100% de humidade. Após a armazenagem, as amostras foram submetidas a 500 ciclos de termociclagem (5°C e 55°C). Os dentes foram isolados com esmalte para unha e foram imersos em 0,5 de fucsina básica por 24 horas. Em seguida os dentes foram seccionados com disco de diamante e observados sob microscópio estereoscópico. A microinfiltração foi avaliada usando uma escala de penetração do corante de 0-3. Os dados foram analisados utilizando o teste de Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05). Resultados: Os escores revelaram menor infiltração nos grupos experimentais do que no grupo de controle. A infiltração para os adesivos sem condicionamento ácido foi reduzida, embora sem significância estatística (p<0,05). Conclusão: O material adesivo imediato atuou efetivamente como uma barreira para microinfiltração, quando foi aplicada sem condicionamento ácido.

The evaluation of effectiveness of adhesive systems on dental amalgam restorations

“…In the present study, which is similar to the previous research by Berry et al, the group to which Amalgambond Plus had been applied likewise had the least microleakage. We think that the reason for this is that the adhesives containing 4-META are both hydrophobic and hydrophilic and adapt well to both the amalgam and the tooth tissues at the same time (28,29).…”