“Unity and Struggle of Opposites” as a Basis for the Functioning of Synthetic Bacterial Immobilized Consortium That Continuously Degrades Organophosphorus Pesticides

Abstract

This work was aimed at the development of an immobilized artificial consortium (IMAC) based on microorganisms belonging to the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial cells capable of jointly carrying out the rapid and effective degradation of different organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs): paraoxon, parathion, methyl parathion, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, malathion, dimethoate, and demeton-S-methyl. A cryogel of poly(vinyl alcohol) was applied as a carrier for the IMAC. After a selection was made between several candidates of the genera Rhodococcus and Pseudomonas, the required combination of two cultures (P. esterophilus and R. ruber) was found. A further change in the ratio between the biomass of the cells inside the granules of IMAC, increasing the packing density of cells inside the same granules and decreasing the size of the granules with IMAC, gave a 225% improvement in the degradation activity of the cell combination. The increase in the velocity and the OPP degradation degree was 4.5 and 16 times greater than the individual P. esterophilus and R. ruber cells, respectively. Multiple uses of the obtained IMAC were demonstrated. The increase in IMAC lactonase activity confirmed the role of the cell quorum in the action efficiency of the synthetic biosystem. The co-inclusion of natural strains in a carrier during immobilization strengthened the IMAC activities without the genetic enhancement of the cells.

Progressive Biocatalysts for the Treatment of Aqueous Systems Containing Pharmaceutical Pollutants

“…Fundamentally, an effective approach to the creation of consortia for the destruction of xenobiotics is a directed combination of cultures based on the preliminary selection of active PCPs destructors and an understanding of the possible interaction between them [ 80 , 100 , 101 , 102 ].…”

Destruction of Mycotoxins in Poultry Waste under Anaerobic Conditions within Methanogenesis Catalyzed by Artificial Microbial Consortia

“…For example, Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus genera cells are widely represented in anaerobic consortia, which, as it turned out, have the genetic potential to synthesize enzymes that catalyze the destruction of ZEN ( Figure 3 ). At the same time, there is a positive experience of creating effective anaerobic consortia based on these Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells of the genus Rhodococcus and the genus Pseudomonas , respectively, which enhances the effect of each other, and their use is successful as a part of artificial consortia in combination with anaerobic sludge [ 110 , 111 ].…”

Prospects for Combined Applications of Nanostructured Catalysts and Biocatalysts for Elimination of Hydrocarbon Pollutants

“…When combining cells into consortia, individual characteristics of cultures and the possibilities of their combination are usually taken into account. It has been shown that it is expedient to stabilize such artificial consortia by immobilization into chemically stable, non-toxic carrier matrices [69,73].…”