United States earthquakes, 1980

Stover, C.W.; Hake, C. A. von

doi:10.3133/ofr84980

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Although we do not know the time history of dynamic loading on the faults that slipped after the 10 earthquakes in California, we can get a sense of the extent of ground shaking by examining intensity data at or near those places. We found that most of the slipped fault segments experienced a modified Mercalli intensity greater than or equal to V [Seismological Field Survey, NOAA, 1972;Reagor et al, 1982;Stover, 1984;McNutt and Toppozada, 1990;Stover and Brewer, 1994]. Since the response of the slider system depends nonlinearly on the time the dynamic stress is applied in the creep cycle, which is equivalent to the preexisting condition on a fault right before the load is applied, and other characteristics of the transient loads, it is not easy to predict whether aseismic slip would be triggered on a fault if a nearby earthquake occurs.…”

Section: Discussion Of Dynamic (Transient) Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect?

Sykes

Shaw

et al. 2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Observations show that an earthquake can affect aseismic slip behavior of nearby faults and produce ''triggered aseismic fault slip.'' Two types of stress changes are often examined by researchers as possible triggering sources. One is the static stress change associated with the faulting process and the other is the dynamic stress change or transient deformation generated by the passage of seismic waves. No consensus has been reached, however, regarding the mechanism(s) of triggered aseismic fault slip. We evaluate the possible triggering role of static stress changes by examining observations made after 10 large earthquakes in California. Most of the nearby fault segments that slipped aseismically were encouraged to move by the imposed positive changes in static Coulomb Failure Stress (CFS). Nonetheless, three discrepancies or failures with this model exist, which implies that static stress triggering either is or is not the sole mechanism causing the observed triggered slip. We then use a spring-slider system as a simplified fault model to study its slip behavior and the impact of transient (dynamic) loading on it. We show that a two-state-variable rate-dependent and state-dependent frictional law can generate creep events. Transient loads are then put into the system. Certain types of them can cause a large time advance of (or trigger) the next creep event. While our work examines triggered creep events near the surface, it may well have implications for the occurrence of similar events near the bottom of the seismogenic zone where a transition in frictional stability occurs.

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Section: Discussion Of Dynamic (Transient) Triggeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect?

Sykes

Shaw

et al. 2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Presently, there is moderate seismicity in the Thebes Gap area [Stauder, 1982;Stover, 1987Stover, , 1988 Zoback [1992b] indicates that under the assumed regional stress field (horizontal maximum stress oriented N80*E), the most likely motion was strike slip along a nodal plane striking N80*W and dipping 70* NE, with a rake of-20*. This indicates faulting along a structure antithetic to the Commerce fault.…”

Section: Present-day Seismicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strike‐slip faulting at Thebes Gap, Missouri and Illinois: Implications for New Madrid tectonism

Harrison¹,

Schultz²

1994

Tectonics

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Numerous NNE and NE striking strike-slip faults and associated normal faults, folds, and transtensional grabens occur in the Thebes Gap area of Missouri and Illinois. These structures developed along the northwestern margin of the buried Reelfoot rift of Precambrian-Cambrian age at the northern edge of the Mississippi embayment. They have had a long-lived and complex structural history. This is an area of recent moderate seismicity, approximately 45 km north of the New Madrid seismic zone. Stratigraphic evidence suggests that these faults were active during the Middle Ordovician. They were subsequently reactivated between the Early Devonian and Late Cretaceous, probably in response to both the Acadian and Ouachita orogenies. Deformation during this period was characterized by strongly faulted and folded Ordovician through Devonian rocks. In places, these deformed rocks are overlain with angular unconformity by undeformed Cretaceous strata. Fault motion is interpreted as dominantly strike slip. A still younger period of reactivation involved Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic formations as young as the Miocene or Pliocene Mounds Gravel. These formations have experienced both minor high-angle normal faulting and subsequent major, rightlateral strike-slip faulting. En echelon north-south folds, E-NE striking normal faults, regional fracture patterns, and drag folds indicate the right-lateral motion for this major episode of faulting which predates deposition of Quaternary 1oess. Several nondefinitive lines of evidence suggest Quaternary faulting. Similar fault orientations and kinematics, as well as recent seismicity and proximity, clearly suggest a structural relationship between deformation at Thebes Gap and tectonism associated with the New Madrid area. Introduction Previous work in the Thebes Gap area [McQueen, 1939; Stewart, 1942; Stewart and McManamy, 1944; Pryor and Ross, 1962; Johnson, 1985] indicated that strata as young as the Miocene or Pliocene Mounds Gravel and perhaps Quaternary 1oess were faulted and folded. These generalized studies identified some of the structural complexities in the area; however, they did not provide a comprehensive structural analysis or tectonic history. The goals of our study were (1) to define the structural framework of the area with field data and kinematic indicators, (2) to determine the tectonic history of the area, and (3) to compare our findings to present models of New Madrid tectonism. This paper is not subject to U.S. The Thebes Gap area is located at the northern edge of the Mississippi embayment (Figure 1), where the Mississippi River flows through a relatively narrow gorge cut into Paleozoic, Cretaceous, and Cenozoic rocks. Just 45 km north of the New Madrid seismic zone, these rocks are the closest exposures to the seismic zone accessible for structural analysis. It is also an area of recent moderate seismicity [Stauder, 1982; Rayat et al., 1987; Stover, 1987, 1988; Stover and Brewer, 1991; Chiu et al., 1991]. Geophysical data by Hildenbrand and Hendricks [ 1994] indi...

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Seismicity of California's North Coast

Bakun¹

2000

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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United States earthquakes, 1980

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect?

Triggered aseismic fault slip from nearby earthquakes, static or dynamic effect?

Strike‐slip faulting at Thebes Gap, Missouri and Illinois: Implications for New Madrid tectonism

Seismicity of California's North Coast

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