United States Bureau of Prisons’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Hummer, Don

doi:10.1080/15564886.2020.1829765

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Although our work illustrates a health benefit for testing and quarantining incarcerated individuals, a single policy is not sufficient to prevent outbreaks across all correctional facilities and local communities. To elaborate, in the early days of the pandemic, many policymakers quickly adopted quarantine and early release policies to achieve greater social distancing within correctional facilities (16) . The populations of jails and prisons have declined by 20% and 5%, respectively (17) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusive Health: Modeling Covid-19 in Correctional Facilities and Communities

Greenhalgh

Provencher

2021

Preprint

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Mass incarceration, commonly associated with overcrowding and inadequate health resources for incarcerated people, creates a fertile environment for the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in U.S. correctional facilities. The exact role that correctional facilities play in enhancing COVID-19 spread and enabling community re-emergence of COVID-19 is unknown. We constructed a novel stochastic model of COVID-19 transmission to estimate the impact of correctional facilities, specifically jails and state prisons, for enhancing disease transmission and enabling disease re-emergence in local communities. Using our model, we evaluated scenarios of testing and quarantining infected incarcerated people at 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 times the rate that occurs for infected people in the local community for population sizes of 5, 10, and 20 thousand people. Our results illustrate testing and quarantining an incarcerated population of 800 would reduce the probability of a major community outbreak by 6% and also prevent between 250 to 730 incidences of COVID-19 per year, depending on local community size. These findings illustrate that managing COVID-19 in correctional facilities is essential to mitigate risks to community health, and thereby stresses the importance of improving the health standards of incarcerated people.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusive Health: Modeling Covid-19 in Correctional Facilities and Communities

Greenhalgh

Provencher

2021

Preprint

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“…To keep their prison systems and their populations minimally impacted by the coronavirus pandemic, many states took drastic measures to eliminate or reduce COVID-19 infections within their prisons. Examples include the early release of incarcerated persons, especially those at high risk for serious complications from COVID-19, at-home confinement, halting all social or legal visitation of incarcerated persons, quarantining newly incarcerated persons, and increasing hand sanitizations [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Many policies prisons are using to mitigate the damaging impact of the pandemic downplay or ignore the hazard that staff present to keeping infections low in prisons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There a Temporal Relationship between COVID-19 Infections among Prison Staff, Incarcerated Persons and the Larger Community in the United States?

Wallace¹,

Eason

Walker³

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Our objective was to examine the temporal relationship between COVID-19 infections among prison staff, incarcerated individuals, and the general population in the county where the prison is located among federal prisons in the United States. Methods: We employed population-standardized regressions with fixed effects for prisons to predict the number of active cases of COVID-19 among incarcerated persons using data from the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) for the months of March to December in 2020 for 63 prisons. Results: There is a significant relationship between the COVID-19 prevalence among staff, and through them, the larger community, and COVID-19 prevalence among incarcerated persons in the US federal prison system. When staff rates are low or at zero, COVID-19 incidence in the larger community continues to have an association with COVID-19 prevalence among incarcerated persons, suggesting possible pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic transmission by staff. Masking policies slightly reduced COVID-19 prevalence among incarcerated persons, though the association between infections among staff, the community, and incarcerated persons remained significant and strong. Conclusion: The relationship between COVID-19 infections among staff and incarcerated persons shows that staff is vital to infection control, and correctional administrators should also focus infection containment efforts on staff, in addition to incarcerated persons.

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“…The COVID-19 pandemic continues to highlight ill-preparedness in government institutions across the world, including the lack of stockpiled personal protective equipment and laboratory supplies, as well as the lack of rigorous, coordinated infection surveillance plans (Hummer, 2020;Villa et al, 2020). Timely and accurate surveillance data, in particular, are key to a rapid response to outbreaks (Ibrahim, 2020).…”

Section: Considerations Related To Data Surrounding Emergency or Disaster Circumstancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic and Its Corresponding Data Boon: Issues With Pandemic-Related Data From Criminal Justice Organizations

Wallace

Walker

Nelson

et al. 2021

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice

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Public organizations, including institutions in the U.S. criminal justice (CJ) system, have been rapidly releasing information pertaining to COVID-19. Even CJ institutions typically reticent to share information, like private prisons, have released vital COVID-19 information. The boon of available pandemic-related data, however, is not without problems. Unclear conceptualizations, stakeholders’ influence on data collection and release, and a lack of experience creating public dashboards on health data are just a few of the issues plaguing CJ institutions surrounding releasing COVID-19 data. In this article, we detail issues that institutions in each arm of the CJ system face when releasing pandemic-related data. We conclude with a set of recommendations for researchers seeking to use the abundance of publicly available data on the effects of the pandemic.

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United States Bureau of Prisons’ Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Inclusive Health: Modeling Covid-19 in Correctional Facilities and Communities

Inclusive Health: Modeling Covid-19 in Correctional Facilities and Communities

Is There a Temporal Relationship between COVID-19 Infections among Prison Staff, Incarcerated Persons and the Larger Community in the United States?

The 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic and Its Corresponding Data Boon: Issues With Pandemic-Related Data From Criminal Justice Organizations

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