Unit energy consumption for paddy-wheat rotation

Dynamics of Hydraulic Properties of Puddled Soils

“…Though percolation is gain to water table but high amount of energy is required for lifting the underground water to meet irrigation requirements of rice -wheat system. Singh et al (1990) has shown that irrigation consumes the maximum energy in farm operations for both rice (82%) and wheat (38%). Therefore, water and energy are main elements for the sustainability of the rice-wheat system.…”