Unique Profile of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Plasma of Drug-Naïve Individuals with Advanced HIV/TB Co-Infection

Nosik, Marina; Belikova, Maria G.; Ryzhov, K.; Avdoshina, Darya; Sobkin, Alexandr; Zverev, Vitaly; Svitich, Oxana

doi:10.3390/v15061330

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Here, in agreement with other studies, in patients with HIV/TB co-infection, we detected the decreased production of IFN-γ beyond the levels observed in both HIV and TB monoinfections (p < 0.0001), [85][86][87][88]. Previously, it was shown that low IFN-γ levels differentiated HIV/TB co-infection regarding the severity of clinical manifestations of TB [89]. This was confirmed by the results of this study, in which, in patients with double infection both with and without TB recurrence, a reduced level of IFN-γ has been correlated with a high percentage of severe forms of TB as follows: 48.4% of patients were diagnosed with disseminated TB, and 30.6% with infiltrative TB in the decay phase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decreased IL-1 β Secretion as a Potential Predictor of Tuberculosis Recurrence in Individuals Diagnosed with HIV

Nosik,

Ryzhov,

Kudryavtseva

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Background: The mechanisms of the formation of immunological competence against tuberculosis (TB), and especially those associated with HIV co-infection, remain poorly understood. However, there is an urgent need for risk recurrence predictive biomarkers, as well as for predictors of successful treatment outcomes. The goal of the study was to identify possible immunological markers of TB recurrence in individuals with HIV/TB co-infection. Methods: The plasma levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-1β (cytokines which play important roles in the immune activation and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis) were measured using ELISA EIA-BEST kits. The cytokine concentrations were determined using a standard curve obtained with the standards provided by the manufacturer of each kit. Results: A total of 211 individuals were enrolled in the study as follows: 62 patients with HIV/TB co-infection, 52 with HIV monoinfection, 52 with TB monoinfection, and 45 healthy donors. Out of the 62 patients with HIV/TB, 75.8% (47) of patients were newly diagnosed with HIV and TB, and 24.2% (15) displayed recurrent TB and were newly diagnosed with HIV. Decreased levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 were observed in patients with HIV/TB when compared with HIV and TB patients. However, there was no difference in IFN-γ, TNF-α, or IL-10 secretion between both HIV/TB groups. At the same time, an almost 4-fold decrease in Il-1β levels was detected in the HIV/TB group with TB recurrence when compared with the HIV/TB group (p = 0.0001); a 2.8-fold decrease when compared with HIV patients (p = 0.001); and a 2.2-fold decrease with newly diagnosed TB patients (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Significantly decreased Il-1β levels in HIV/TB patients’ cohort with secondary TB indicate that this cytokine can be a potential biomarker of TB recurrence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Decreased IL-1 β Secretion as a Potential Predictor of Tuberculosis Recurrence in Individuals Diagnosed with HIV

Nosik,

Ryzhov,

Kudryavtseva

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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“…Through the respiratory tract, M.tb invades the lungs and induces the immune response in the host dominated by the pro-inflammatory mechanism to relieve, isolate, and kill pathogens [ 27 , 28 ]. IFN-γ is one of the common pro-inflammatory cytokines that play a key role in controlling the M.tb infection through mediating immune response resulting in the activation of macrophages [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noticing that IFN-γ levels appear to be negatively correlated with disease severity. TB patients co-infection with HIV had much lower IFN-γ levels than those having only TB infection alone [ 27 ]. Our findings also indicate that the IFN-γ level has significantly been reduced in the TB patient’s serum compared to the healthy people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut bacterial and fungal dysbiosis in tuberculosis patients

Han,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Microbiol

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Background Recent studies have more focused on gut microbial alteration in tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, no detailed study on gut fungi modification has been reported till now. So, current research explores the characteristics of gut microbiota (bacteria)- and mycobiota (fungi)-dysbiosis in TB patients and also assesses the correlation between the gut microbiome and serum cytokines. It may help to screen the potential diagnostic biomarker for TB. Results The results show that the alpha diversity of the gut microbiome (including bacteria and fungi) decreased and altered the gut microbiome composition of TB patients. The bacterial genera Bacteroides and Prevotella were significantly increased, and Blautia and Bifidobacterium decreased in the TB patients group. The fungi genus Saccharomyces was increased while decreased levels of Aspergillus in TB patients. It indicates that gut microbial equilibrium between bacteria and fungi has been altered in TB patients. The fungal-to-bacterial species ratio was significantly decreased, and the bacterial-fungal trans-kingdom interactions have been reduced in TB patients. A set model including Bacteroides, Blautia, Eubacterium_hallii_group, Apiotrichum, Penicillium, and Saccharomyces may provide a better TB diagnostics option than using single bacterial or fungi sets. Also, gut microbial dysbiosis has a strong correlation with the alteration of IL-17 and IFN-γ. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that TB patients exhibit the gut bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. In the clinics, some gut microbes may be considered as potential biomarkers for auxiliary TB diagnosis.

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“…Inflammation is a nonspecific response to pathogens that involves multiple cells, tissues, and organs. While acute inflammation is stopped, chronic inflammation persists, leading to a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines and recruitment of inflammatory cells (neutrophils and monocytes) to the affected area(s) [ 20 ]. Thus, Mtb and HIV-1 exploit different scenarios of immune hyperactivation/chronic inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the analysis of cytokines expressed during a HIV/TB coinfection may be important for predicting the course of the disease. While some studies have already been focused on the evaluation of the expression profile of IL-33 in hepatic disease during schistosomiasis [ 15 ], hepatitis, malaria [ 16 ], HIV infected patients [ 17 ] and others on tuberculosis [ 18 ], very few studies have been carried out on the expression of IL-33 in HIV/TB coinfection compared to each of the mono infections [ 19 - 20 ]. The goal of this work was to study the expression of IL-33 cytokine in the context of HIV/TB coinfection and to compare to patients with HIV-1 and TB monoinfections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma IL-33 levels and immune activation in HIV-TB coinfection: a cross-sectional study in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Ghislain,

Mbe,

Ngogang

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction HIV-1 and Mtb are characterized by immune activation and unbalances production of cytokines, but the expression of IL33 in HIV/TB coinfection remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the level of IL-33 in plasma of HIV and M. tuberculosis (HIV/TB) coinfected patients compared to patients with respective mono infections in Yaoundé. Methods a cross-sectional study was conducted among patients attending the pneumology service and HIV treatment center of the Yaoundé Jamot Hospital. Plasma samples of 157 HIV/TB coinfected patients (n =26, 50% males and 50% females, mean age 39), HIV-1 monoinfected patients (n = 41, 41% males and 59% females, mean age 35), TB monoinfected patients (n = 48, 56% males and 44% females, mean age 37) and healthy controls (n = 42, 29% males and 71% females, mean age 32) were examined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) to detect the levels of IL-33 cytokine. Results plasma level of IL-33 were higher in HIV/TB coinfected (33.1±30.9 pg/ml) and TB monoinfected individuals (15.1±2.9 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (14.0±3.4 pg/ml) and could not be detected in most of the HIV-1 monoinfected individuals (12.6±8.7 pg/ml). Interestingly, the increased plasma level of IL-33 in HIV/TB coinfected patients showed a statistically significant difference between healthy controls (33.1±30.9 pg/ml vs 14.0±3.4 pg/ml, P<0.0001) and HIV-1 monoinfected patients (33.1±30.9 pg/ml vs 12.6±8.7 pg/ml, P=0.0002). We further found that IL-33 was higher in patients with high viral load group (40.6±59.7 pg/ml vs 12.6±1.8 pg/ml), P= 0.47) whereas patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) showed decreased level of IL-33 concentration as the number of years under ART increased. Our data showed a positive association between plasma IL-33 and viral load in the context of HIV/TB coinfection in our study population with a positive Pearson coefficient of r=0.21. Conclusion this study indicates that plasma level of IL-33 differs among HIV/TB coinfected patients and respective monoinfections patients. The increased level of plasma IL-33 reveals that IL-33 measurement in HIV-1 monoinfected patients may represent an early predictor of development of tuberculosis.

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Unique Profile of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Plasma of Drug-Naïve Individuals with Advanced HIV/TB Co-Infection

Cited by 5 publications

References 98 publications

Decreased IL-1 β Secretion as a Potential Predictor of Tuberculosis Recurrence in Individuals Diagnosed with HIV

Decreased IL-1 β Secretion as a Potential Predictor of Tuberculosis Recurrence in Individuals Diagnosed with HIV

Gut bacterial and fungal dysbiosis in tuberculosis patients

Plasma IL-33 levels and immune activation in HIV-TB coinfection: a cross-sectional study in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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