Unique metabolite profiles of Indonesian cocoa beans from different origins and their correlation with temperature

Hanifah, Abu; Firmanto, Hendy; Putri, Sastia Prama; Fukusaki, Eiichiro

doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.05.001

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Since this study focuses on the agri-food industry, the recommended indicators limit the environmental impact in accordance with an environmental product declaration [3,21]. Its measurement involves the use of the CML IA baseline method, which is an indicator of abiotic depletion (AD), global warming (GW), ozone layer depletion (ODP), acidification (AC), and eutrophication (EU).…”

Section: Impact Assessment Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the domestic market, The Indonesian government has increased the market share target of the artisan chocolate industry from 2% to 10% of domestic chocolate consumption [19]. For the global market, Indonesian products have been already known to have a diverse flavor based on the environmental characteristics such as soil type, rainfall, and altitude that are different from each region [20][21][22]. The product has been exported to several European, American, and Asian nations [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Impact Analysis to Achieve Sustainability for Artisan Chocolate Products Supply Chain

Nur,

Hidayatno,

Setiawan

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Small-scale artisan chocolate producers target environmentally conscious consumers and must work with their supply chain partners to measure and improve their environmental impacts. This research evaluates the environmental impact along the supply chain of artisan dark chocolate products in Indonesia and creates an action plan to reduce environmental impact. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology was used. The analysis considers cocoa production from the farm level to the processing of cocoa beans into bars in three stages for 1 kg of dark chocolate: the farm maintenance and harvesting stage; post-harvesting stage; and processing stage. At the farm maintenance and harvesting stage, the significant contributions are 72.5% of total abiotic depletion (AD), 47.2% of total global warming (GW), 80.2% of total eutrophication (EU). The significant contributions at the post-harvesting are 31.2% of total AD, 51.8% of total GW, 83% of total EU, 26.4% of total ozone layer depletion (ODP), 20.1% of total cumulative energy demand (CED) and non-renewable fossil (NRF), and 36.9% of total CED renewable biomass (RB). And at the processing stage, the significant contributions are 20.5% of total AD, 15% of total GW, 4% of total ODP, 13.1% of total acidification (AC), 12% of total EU, 10% of total fossil resource scarcity (FRS), and 1.6% of total CED NRF. Changes to the farm maintenance and harvesting stages contributed the most to environmental impact reduction by improving waste utilization and the treatment and selection of environmentally friendly materials.

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Section: Impact Assessment Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%