Unique features of extracellular matrix in the mouse medial nucleus of trapezoid body – Implications for physiological functions

Blosa, Maren; Sonntag, Mandy; Brückner, Gert; Jäger, Carsten; Seeger, Gudrun; Matthews, Russell T.; Rübsamen, Rudolf; Arendt, Thomas; Morawski, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.003

Cited by 50 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Thus, some nets stain with both markers ( Figure 7 , arrows), some stain only with WFA ( Figure 7 , solid arrowhead) and the smallest population stains only with anti-VAChT ( Figure 7 , open arrowhead). The patterns of single and double staining suggest molecular heterogeneity of the nets in the IC; such heterogeneity is a common feature of nets in many brain areas (Ajmo et al, 2008; Blosa et al, 2013). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More recently, Lendvai et al (2012) report that in human hippocampus, an anti-brevican antibody labels few PNs, but many axonal coats (aggregates of ECM around individual synapses). Further, Blosa et al (2013) found that PNs in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (a brainstem auditory nucleus) contain both aggrecan and brevican, and that PNs labeled with an antibody to aggrecan were also generally labeled with WFA. This evidence, along with the previous use of WFA as a PN label in IC (Seeger et al, 1994; Costa et al, 2007; Hilbig et al, 2007) leads us to conclude that WFA is staining many PNs in the guinea pig IC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This led us to the conclusion that anti-VAChT and WFA probably do not share a single binding site. It is possible that anti-VAChT binds to a specific CSPG (brevican, for example) or binds based on the CSPG sulfation pattern, as multiple patterns of sulfation can be present in PNs of a single nucleus (Blosa et al, 2013). Either of these possibilities would have functional implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perineuronal nets and GABAergic cells in the inferior colliculus of guinea pigs

2014

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Perineuronal nets (PNs) are aggregates of extracellular matrix that have been associated with neuronal plasticity, critical periods, fast-spiking cells and protection from oxidative stress. Although PNs have been reported in the auditory system in several species, there is disagreement about the distribution of PNs within the inferior colliculus (IC), an important auditory hub in the midbrain. Furthermore, PNs in many brain areas are preferentially associated with GABAergic cells, but whether such an association exists in the IC has not been addressed. We used Wisteria floribunda agglutinin staining and immunohistochemistry in guinea pigs to examine PNs within the IC. PNs are present in all IC subdivisions and are densest in the central portions of the IC. Throughout the IC, PNs are preferentially associated with GABAergic cells. Not all GABAergic cells are surrounded by PNs, so the presence of PNs can be used to subdivide IC GABAergic cells into “netted” and “non-netted” categories. Finally, PNs in the IC, like those in other brain areas, display molecular heterogeneity that suggests a multitude of functions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perineuronal nets and GABAergic cells in the inferior colliculus of guinea pigs

2014

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“…The organization of PNs is distinct among neuronal cell types [7,[12][13][14] and relative levels in expression of aggrecan, TN-R and hyaluronan vary in different brain regions [15]. Similarly, variability in distribution of these components was observed for interneurons maintained in vitro [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tenascin-R promotes assembly of the extracellular matrix of perineuronal nets via clustering of aggrecan

Morawski

Dityatev

Hartlage‐Rübsamen

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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mice. Here, we investigated whether similar defects are also seen in dissociated and organotypic cultures from hippocampus and forebrain of tn-r 2/2 mice and whether the structure of PNs could be normalized.In tn-r 2/2 cultures, accumulations of several extracellular matrix molecules were mostly associated with somata, whereas dendrites were sparsely covered, compared with tn-r þ/þ mice. Experiments to normalize the structure of PNs in tn-r 2/2 organotypic slice cultures by depolarization of neurons, or by co-culturing tn-r þ/þ and tn-r 2/2 brain slices failed to restore a normal PN phenotype. However, formation of dendritic PNs in cultures was improved by the application of tenascin-R protein and rescued by polyclonal antibodies to aggrecan and a bivalent, but not monovalent form of the lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin. These results show that tenascin-R and aggrecan are decisive contributors to formation and stabilization of PNs and that tenascin-R may implement these functions by clustering of aggrecan. Proposed approaches for restoration of normal PN structure are noteworthy in the context of PN abnormalities in neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia and addiction.

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“…I propose high-resolution EM reconstruction for 3D visualization using serial block face scanning EM (SBFSEM) (28) with several options of highlighting the PNN. The PNN has been labeled with biotinylated Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) and Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) (29)(30)(31) (Fig. 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Very long-term memories may be stored in the pattern of holes in the perineuronal net

Tsien

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

197

178

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A hypothesis and the experiments to test it propose that very long-term memories, such as fear conditioning, are stored as the pattern of holes in the perineuronal net (PNN), a specialized ECM that envelops mature neurons and restricts synapse formation. The 3D intertwining of PNN and synapses would be imaged by serial-section EM. Lifetimes of PNN vs. intrasynaptic components would be compared with pulse-chase 15 N labeling in mice and 14 C content in human cadaver brains. Genetically encoded indicators and antineoepitope antibodies should improve spatial and temporal resolution of the in vivo activity of proteases that locally erode PNN. Further techniques suggested include genetic KOs, better pharmacological inhibitors, and a genetically encoded snapshot reporter, which will capture the pattern of activity throughout a large ensemble of neurons at a time precisely defined by the triggering illumination, drive expression of effector genes to mark those cells, and allow selective excitation, inhibition, or ablation to test their functional importance. The snapshot reporter should enable more precise inhibition or potentiation of PNN erosion to compare with behavioral consequences. Finally, biosynthesis of PNN components and proteases would be imaged.

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Unique features of extracellular matrix in the mouse medial nucleus of trapezoid body – Implications for physiological functions

Cited by 50 publications

References 115 publications

Perineuronal nets and GABAergic cells in the inferior colliculus of guinea pigs

Perineuronal nets and GABAergic cells in the inferior colliculus of guinea pigs

Tenascin-R promotes assembly of the extracellular matrix of perineuronal nets via clustering of aggrecan

Very long-term memories may be stored in the pattern of holes in the perineuronal net

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