Unique characteristics of the geriatric diabetic population and the role for therapeutic strategies that enhance glucagon-like peptide-1 activity

Thearle, Marie S.; Brillantes, Anne Marie B

doi:10.1097/00075197-200501000-00003

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 67 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In both treatment groups, treatment efficacy was sustained for longer in older than in younger patients; sustainability was also greater with vildagliptin than glimepiride (361 vs. 309 days for patients ≥65 years). This could be linked to the fact that T2DM in elderly patients may have a different disease pathology to that in younger patients, with a greater contribution of postprandial glycaemia to overall glucose control, and greater hyperglucagonaemia [27–29]. We have shown that vildagliptin, but not glimepiride, therapy results in improved postprandial α ‐cell function that persists for at least 2 years [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Vildagliptin add‐on to metformin produces similar efficacy and reduced hypoglycaemic risk compared with glimepiride, with no weight gain: results from a 2‐year study

Matthews

Dejager

Åhrén

et al. 2010

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

180

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Vildagliptin add‐on to metformin produces similar efficacy and reduced hypoglycaemic risk compared with glimepiride, with no weight gain: results from a 2‐year study

Matthews

Dejager

Åhrén

et al. 2010

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

180

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (16), 45% of Koreans 65 yr and older meet the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance. With aging, beta-cell function declines, and basal insulin secretion level decreases (17). In addition, the interaction of many factors associated with aging likely contributes to the altered glucose tolerance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Risk Factors of Steroid-induced Diabetes in Patients with Respiratory Disease

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucocorticoids are effective for treating several respiratory diseases. However, they can cause hyperglycemia. This study determined the incidence and risk factors of steroidinduced diabetes mellitus (S-DM) in patients treated with glucocorticoid for respiratory diseases. A retrospective study examined patients with respiratory diseases treated with a prednisolone-equivalent glucocorticoid dose exceeding 20 mg/day for at least 4 weeks between January 2003 and December 2008. Patients whose initial random glucose level exceeded 200 mg/dL or who had pre-existing diabetes were excluded. S-DM was defined as a fasting glucose concentration exceeding 126 mg/dL or a random glucose concentration exceeding 200 mg/dL at least twice after beginning steroid treatment. A total of 231 patients with respiratory diseases met the inclusion criteria. Their median age was 55 yr, and 139 were female. The median cumulative prednisolone-equivalent glucocorticoid dose was 4,965 mg, and the median duration of steroid treatment was 193 days. S-DM was diagnosed in 34 (14.7%) of 231 patients. Multivariate logistic regression identified older age (odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.02-1.09) as a risk factor for S-DM. S-DM is frequent among patients with respiratory diseases treated with glucocorticoid. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of S-DM, especially among elderly patients.

show abstract

“…This implies that GLP-1 mobilizes the intracellular Ca 2+ stores by triggering partial activation of the L-type Ca 2+ channel. The RyR is a Ca 2+ channel composed of four ~550 kDa ryanodine protomers and four 12 kDa FK506 binding proteins that are the regulatory units FKBP12 or FKB12.6 (Thearle and Brillantes, 2005). There are three distinct genes encoding three ryanodine receptors, types 1, 2, and 3, RyR1, RyR2 and RyR3 respectively and there is some debate over the most prevalent and the most important types in the β cell (reviewed in Bruton et al, 2003).…”

Section: Elevation Of [Ca 2+ ] Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of action of glucagon-like peptide 1 in the pancreas

Doyle

Egan

2007

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

576

465

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucagon-like peptide-1 is a hormone that is encoded in the proglucagon gene. It is mainly produced in enteroendocrine L cells of the gut and is secreted into the blood stream when food containing fat, protein hydrolysate and/or glucose enters the duodenum. Its particular effects on insulin and glucagon secretion have generated a flurry of research activity over the past twenty years culminating in a naturally occurring GLP-1 receptor agonist, exendin-4, now being used to treat type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 engages a specific G-protein coupled receptor that is present in tissues other than the pancreas (brain, kidney, lung, heart, major blood vessels). The most widely studied cell activated by GLP-1 is the insulin-secreting beta cell where its defining action is augmentation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Upon GLP-1 receptor activation, adenylyl cyclase is activated and cAMP generated, leading, in turn, to cAMP-dependent activation of second messenger pathways, such as the PKA and Epac pathways. As well as short-term effects of enhancing glucose-induced insulin secretion, continuous GLP-1 receptor activation also increases insulin synthesis, and beta cell proliferation and neogenesis. Although these latter effects cannot be currently monitored in humans, there are substantial improvements in glucose tolerance and increases in both first phase and plateau phase insulin secretory responses in type 2 diabetic patients treated with exendin-4. This review we will focus on the effects resulting from GLP-1 receptor activation in islets of Langerhans

show abstract

Unique characteristics of the geriatric diabetic population and the role for therapeutic strategies that enhance glucagon-like peptide-1 activity

Cited by 14 publications

References 67 publications

Vildagliptin add‐on to metformin produces similar efficacy and reduced hypoglycaemic risk compared with glimepiride, with no weight gain: results from a 2‐year study

Vildagliptin add‐on to metformin produces similar efficacy and reduced hypoglycaemic risk compared with glimepiride, with no weight gain: results from a 2‐year study

Incidence and Risk Factors of Steroid-induced Diabetes in Patients with Respiratory Disease

Mechanisms of action of glucagon-like peptide 1 in the pancreas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About