The four-port couplers are the fundamental building blocks of
large-scale passive beam-forming network design. They find application
in the design of antenna feed networks, power combiners and dividers,
balanced mixers and amplifiers. Conventional branch-line couplers (BLCs)
were designed for quadrature-phase imbalance using four
quarter-wavelength transmission lines (TLs). On the other hand,
conventional rat-race couplers (RRCs) are designed for
in-phased/out-of-phased imbalance using six identical quarter-wavelength
TLs. To obtain a non-quadrature phase-shift, external phase shifters are
required. Recently, BLCs with inherent non-quadrature phase imbalance
properties have received attention among microwave researchers. There
are several types of implementation such as lumped, distributed, and
mixed with different topologies, that have been proposed by several
researchers. It is quite challenging for young researchers to extract
all possible design data from the design equations and simulate them to
understand their figure of merits. This motivates the author to provide
solutions for non-quadrature unequal power division BLCs.