Unilateral Testicular infarction a very rare complication of genitourinary tuberculosis: a case report and literature review

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is the most ubiquitous infectious disease and is associated with a large number of morbidities and mortalities. It is primarily a disease of the lungs but also affects every organ. In its initial military, its deposits spread to genitourinary organs, although this is not the only mechanism of spread. Isolated genital TB is rare, but testicular infarction is an unusual complication of delayed management, in which surgical intervention is warranted. Case presentation: A 29-year-old male non-smoker presents with painful left scrotal pain of 21 days. Initially managed with intravenous antibiotics, the disease progressed and resulted in testicular infarction. Left orchiectomy was performed, and the specimen was sent for histopathological examination, which revealed features consistent with a testicular tuberculous abscess. Conclusion: Tuberculous Epididymoorchitis (TBEO) with testicular infarction was unusual. It is prudent to consider this in patients presenting with long-standing urinary symptoms, particularly in those unresponsive to the initial antibiotic therapy. It requires a high index of suspicion, especially in TB endemic areas.