AIMTo evaluate the clinical profile of patients with disc edema/papilloedema and its pattern in various patients.
PURPOSETo evaluate causes of Disc edema/Papilloedema and associated clinical picture.
DESIGNProspective Study.
METHODThis study is a non-randomized prospective case series being conducted in the patients with disc edema attending OPD and referred from other departments to RIO, Gandhi Medical College and associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from Jan 2013-Sept 2014. Detailed history was taken with special preference to diminution of vision, headache, nausea, vomiting, sensory motor deficits experienced by patient. Examination including visual acuity, pupillary reaction and ophthalmoscopy findings were noted. Findings of neuroimaging investigations as advised by medicine and surgery experts in cases suspected of raised intracranial tension were noted.
RESULTSMost commonly affected age group was 11-20 years. Females: Males ratio were 4.1:3 with bilateral predominance. Intracranial Space Occupying Lesion (ICSOL) was most common cause of papilledema in bilateral (b/l) cases. Optic neuropathy was most common local cause of unilateral disc edema. Headache was the most common presenting complaint. On radiological investigations, most common finding was ICSOL followed by sinusitis followed by venous thrombosis, demyelination and infarction, Lateral Rectus (LR) palsy and diplopia each were found to be present in 4% cases of disc edema.
CONCLUSIONIntracranial space occupying lesions as suggested by neuroimaging were the most common cause of papilledema. Other associations included hypertension, meningitis, pseudotumor cerebri, anaemia.The study emphasizes ophthalmoscopy in the diagnosis of papilledema and its importance in intervention of neurosurgeon in saving life and sight of person.