Unilateral nerve injury down-regulates mRNA for Na+ channel SCN10A bilaterally in rat dorsal root ganglia

Oaklander, Anne Louise; Belzberg, Allan J.

doi:10.1016/s0169-328x(97)00239-8

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It is important to note that without corresponding functional data, definitively interpreting the physiological meaning of these specific patterns of subunit expression is difficult. It is well documented that bilateral physiological changes occur after unilateral nerve injuries (Calford and Tweedale, 1990, 1991; Clarey et al, 1996; Oaklander and Belzberg, 1997; Oaklander and Brown, 2004). Therefore we cannot rule out that control measurements include injury induced physiological changes to subunit expression via contralateral cortico-cortical connectivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Mowery¹,

Sarin²,

Kostylev³

et al. 2015

Brain Research

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The primate somatosensory neuraxis provides a highly translational model system with which to investigate adult neural plasticity. Here, we report immunohistochemical staining data for AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunits of area 3b cortex and cuneate nucleus of adult squirrel monkeys one to five years after median and ulnar nerve transection. In Area 3B cortex, the expression of GluR1 AMPAR subunits in reorganized regions are significantly increased, while the expression of GluR2/3 AMPAR subunits are not. GABAA α1 subunit expression in the reorganized region is not significantly different from control regions. Presynaptic GABABR1a subunit expression was also not significantly different between reorganized and control regions, while postsynaptic GABABR1b subunit expression was significantly decreased. In the cuneate nucleus of the brainstem, the expression of GluR1 AMPAR subunits in reorganized regions was not significantly different, while GluR2/3 AMPAR subunit expression was significantly elevated. GABAA α1 subunit expression in the reorganized region was significantly decreased. Presynaptic GABABR1a subunit expression was not significantly different, while postsynaptic GABABR1b subunit expression was significantly decreased. When subunit expression is compared, brainstem and cortical patterns diverge over longer periods of recovery. Persistent patterns of change in the cortex are stable by 1 year. Alternatively, subunit expression in the cuneate nucleus one to five years after nerve injury is similar to that seen 1 month after a reorganizing injury. This suggests that cortical plasticity continues to change over many months as receptive field reorganization occurs, while brainstem plasticity obtains a level of stable persistence by one month.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Mowery¹,

Sarin²,

Kostylev³

et al. 2015

Brain Research

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“…(4) In deprived area 3b, GluR2/3 staining intensity is decreased relative to control values across all cortical layers for both somata and neuropil. Bilateral consequences of unilateral sensory manipulations have been rather widely reported (e.g., Calford and Tweedale, 1990, 1991; Clarey et al, 1996; Kozin et al, 1976; Oaklander and Belzberg, 1997; Oaklander and Brown, 2004; Vergara-Aragon et al, 2003), with the ipsilateral effects tending to mirror those found contralaterally (e.g., Calford and Tweedale, 1990; Oaklander and Brown, 2004). In the present study, there are clear differences between the contralateral and ipsilateral hemispheres, suggesting either that there are no changes in the ipsilateral cortex or that they are in the opposite direction of those in the contralateral cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve-injury Induced Changes to GluR1 and GluR2/3 Sub-unit Expression in Area 3b of Adult Squirrel Monkeys: Developmental Recapitulation?

Mowery

Garraghty

2009

Front. Sys. Neurosci.

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The primate somatosensory system provides an excellent model system with which to investigate adult neural plasticity. Here, we report immunohistochemical staining data for the GluR1 and GluR2/3 AMPA receptors subunits in somatosensory area 3b 1 week after median nerve compression in adult squirrel monkeys. We find transcortical increases in the staining intensity of GluR1 AMPAR subunits and transcortical decreases in GluR2/3 AMPAR subunits. This pattern of change in the staining intensity of these subunits differs from the changes one would expect if the deprived cortical neurons were undergoing homeostatic synaptic scaling, or from ones that would follow N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated long-term potentiation. Indeed, this pattern of change appears to recapitulate proportions that exist early in development as if the deprived cortex has reverted to an immature state. We suggest that this state represents yet another stage of peripheral nerve injury-induced reorganization in adult primate somatosensory cortex, and may well be essential for subsequent NMDA receptor-mediated plasticity.

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“…Identification of a gene encoding a TTX-resistant Na ϩ channel confirmed the electrophysiological data indicating the existence of unique Na ϩ currents in a subpopulation of primary afferent neurons. The first TTX-resistant Na ϩ channel cloned, referred to as SNS (32), PN3 (33), and subsequently ScN10 (34), is only present in primary afferent neurons, in particular, a subpopulation of primary afferent neurons with small-diameter cell bodies. Heterologous expression of SNS/ PN3 indicated that this clone encodes a voltage-gated Na ϩ channel with biophysical properties similar to those of the TTX-resistant channels present in sensory neurons (32,33).…”

Section: Why Ttx-resistant Channels?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetrodotoxin-resistant Na⁺currents and inflammatory hyperalgesia

Gold

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

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Several mechanisms have been identified that may underlie inf lammation-induced sensitization of high-threshold primary afferent neurons, including the modulation of voltage-and Ca 2؉ -dependent ion channels and ion channels responsible for the production of generator potentials. One such mechanism that has recently received a lot of attention is the modulation of a tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant voltage-gated Na ؉ current. Evidence supporting a role for TTX-resistant Na ؉ currents in the sensitization of primary afferent neurons and inf lammatory hyperalgesia is reviewed. Such evidence is derived from studies on the distribution of TTX-resistant Na ؉ currents among primary afferent neurons and other tissues of the body that suggest that these currents are expressed only in a subpopulation of primary afferent neurons that are likely to be involved in nociception. Data from studies on the biophysical properties of these currents suggest that they are ideally suited to mediate the repetitive discharge associated with prolonged membrane depolarizations. Data from studies on the effects of inf lammatory mediators and antinociceptive agents on TTX-resistant Na ؉ currents suggest that modulation of these currents is an underlying mechanism of primary afferent neuron sensitization. In addition, the second-messenger pathways underlying inf lammatory mediator-induced modulation of these currents appear to underlie inf lammatory mediator-induced hyperalgesia. Finally, recent antisense studies have also yielded data supporting a role for TTX-resistant Na ؉ currents in inf lammatory hyperalgesia. Although data from these studies are compelling, data presented at the Neurobiology of Pain colloquium raised a number of interesting questions regarding the role of TTX-resistant Na ؉ currents in inf lammatory hyperalgesia; implications of three of these questions are discussed.

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Unilateral nerve injury down-regulates mRNA for Na+ channel SCN10A bilaterally in rat dorsal root ganglia

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Nerve-injury Induced Changes to GluR1 and GluR2/3 Sub-unit Expression in Area 3b of Adult Squirrel Monkeys: Developmental Recapitulation?

Tetrodotoxin-resistant Na⁺currents and inflammatory hyperalgesia

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Unilateral nerve injury down-regulates mRNA for Na+ channel SCN10A bilaterally in rat dorsal root ganglia

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Differences in AMPA and GABAA/B receptor subunit expression between the chronically reorganized cortex and brainstem of adult squirrel monkeys

Nerve-injury Induced Changes to GluR1 and GluR2/3 Sub-unit Expression in Area 3b of Adult Squirrel Monkeys: Developmental Recapitulation?

Tetrodotoxin-resistant Na+currents and inflammatory hyperalgesia

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Tetrodotoxin-resistant Na⁺currents and inflammatory hyperalgesia