Unilateral Maxillary Sinus Aplasia with Ipsilateral Rhinolith: A Rare Anomaly with a Rare Association

Tiwari, Ranjana; Sangole, Vaishali S; Rao, Suman; Gawai, Kalpana R KumarSujata A; George, Divya A

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10003-1067

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Our review detected female prevalence among rhinolith patients, a ratio of 3:2 female versus male, which is consistent with the literature. 6,9,10 The third decade of life (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) was found of the highest frequency (25%) when rhinoliths were presented, supporting prior literature findings. 7 It can be postulated that a small foreign body may be introduced intranasally and asymptomatically in the early years and progressively grows through mineral deposition for decades until symptom onset.…”

Section: Patient Demographics and Presentationsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…After further removal of non‐English and noncase studies, 78 articles remained. After a full‐text article review, 55 case reports and five case series (122 patients) published between 2004 and 2020 were included in this systematic review 1‐60 . Characteristics of the studies are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The etiology of rhinolithiasis remains unknown. The prevailing theory supports a nidus, either endogenous 21,22 (dry secretion, blood clots, cell lysis products, mucosal necrosis, or tooth fragments) or exogenous 8,13 (grains, small stone fragments, plastic parts, seeds, insects, toys), first being introduced into the anterior nasal cavity, then moving antegrade or retrograde to the nares as the patient coughs, sneezes, or vomits 23 . The nidus occupies the nasal floor and causes an inflammatory reaction, leading to the deposition of carbonate and calcium phosphate, magnesium, iron, and aluminum, and organic substances such as glutamic acid and glycin 2,4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic rhinosinusitis was diagnosed most often with rhinoliths in this report, which was consistent with the literature. 15,20 In cases when pathological analysis of the removed rhinoliths was ordered, granulation tissue and filamentous bacteria were reported, which evidenced sinonasal inflammatory processes and active infection that was consistent with chronic rhinosinusitis. 2,4,8,12,19 As rhinoliths enlarge over years, they cause destruction to the nasal cavity floor and lateral wall, or perforation and deviation of the septum.…”

Section: Patient Demographics and Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,19 Surgical approaches are evaluated using CT scan results, considering the size, extension, and location of the stone, and sometimes the presence of complications. 8,13,20 Endoscopic sinonasal surgery to remove the stone through the anterior nares is widely applied. All patients included in this review had their rhinoliths removed endonasally.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endoscopic Management of Rhinolithiasis: A Systematic Review

Nguyen

Omiunu

Patel

et al. 2023

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective This study reviews the presentation, management, and outcomes of patients with rhinolithiasis. Data Sources An electronic database search of PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library was performed in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 updated guidelines for reporting systematic reviews. Review Methods Case reports and case series published from 2004 to 2020 were included. Data collected included patient demographics, clinical symptoms at presentation, diagnosis, treatment, complications, and follow‐up. Relevant descriptive statistics were computed using Microsoft Excel 2013 (Microsoft Corp). Results Fifty‐five case reports and five case series were included (n = 122). The majority were female (60.7%). The mean age was 29.4 years (range, 4‐80 years). The most common symptoms were rhinorrhea (81.1%), nasal obstruction (79.5%), nasal malodor (38.5%), and headache (27.9%). Computed tomography imaging was obtained in 109 (91.5%) cases. Concurrent rhinosinusitis (35.2%) and deviated nasal septum (28.7%) were commonly identified. Rhinoliths were commonly found in the right nostril (52.5%) and in between the inferior turbinate and nasal septum (26.9%). All rhinoliths were fully excised using endoscopic sinonasal surgery, accompanied by a septoplasty (9.2%). The nidus was identified in 27 (22.2%) patients. There were no recurrences or complications over an average follow‐up of 8.5 months (range, 0.25‐36 months). Conclusion Rhinolithiasis is an uncommon entity of the nasal cavity and should be suspected in patients with long‐standing unilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and nasal malodor. Rigid nasal endoscopy and endoscopic sinonasal surgery are the most important methods for diagnosis and treatment, respectively.

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Section: Patient Demographics and Presentationsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patient Demographics and Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endoscopic Management of Rhinolithiasis: A Systematic Review

Nguyen

Omiunu

Patel

et al. 2023

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Persistent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: our experience and proposal for an alternative treatment

Alessandrini

Micarelli

Pavone

et al. 2013

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo. Despite the great efficacy of canalith repositioning procedures (CRPs), BPPV may persist (PBPPV). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether a prolonged and self-assessed temporal bone vibration (TBV) could change the outcome of PBPPV after 12 months of repeated treatments, in order to avoid further invasive and/or drug therapies. This evaluation was also conducted with respect to the entire BPPV population treated with CRPs. Seventy-two patients affected by PBPPV were enrolled in the study: 51 and 21 of them suffering from posterior semicircular canal (PSC) and lateral semicircular canal (LSC), respectively. PBPPV patients underwent a twice-a-day self-assessed TBV, using a common low-intensity massaging cushion. Patients were re-tested 1 week later and they were considered free from disease as the results of the positioning tests continued to be negative after 1 month. 70.6 % of PSC PBPPV and 61.9 % of LSC PBPPV patients had positive and statistically significant (P < 0.01) outcomes not biased by "age" and "gender" variables. The recurrence rate of BPPV (RBPPV) was also studied in the BPPV and PBPPV groups after a 12/24-month follow-up and any statistically significant result was found in multiple regression analysis between nuisance variables and RBPPV patients previously treated by CRPs or TBV. The present study suggests that the self-assessed and prolonged TBV could be an alternative treatment in patients affected by PBPPV otherwise addressed to undergo more invasive procedures and pharmacological treatment that are not completely side effects free.

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Unilateral Maxillary Sinus Aplasia with Ipsilateral Rhinolith: A Rare Anomaly with a Rare Association

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Endoscopic Management of Rhinolithiasis: A Systematic Review

Endoscopic Management of Rhinolithiasis: A Systematic Review

Persistent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: our experience and proposal for an alternative treatment

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