Unilateral Basal Ganglia Infarctions in a Neonate Born to a Mother with Gestational Diabetes: Case Report

Abstract

Cerebral infarcts are an important cause of neonatal convulsions. Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) is a cerebrovascular event occurring during fetal or neonatal life, before 28 days after birth. It has an estimated incidence of one in 2300 to 5000 live births based on the consensus of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1]. Over 80% of cases involve the middle cerebral artery or its branches [2]. It is an under-recognized cause of significant long -term disabilities, including hemiplegic cerebral palsy, epilepsy, cognitive delays and behavioral impairments [3]. Perinatal BG stroke is uncommon, but the true incidence is unknown. The author report the etiologic factors, clinical and neuroradiologic findings of full term neonate born to a mother with gestational diabetes who presented with right -sided clonicneonatal convulsions and had an isolated unilateral basal ganglia (BG) stroke.

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“…Other causes of a perinatal arterial ischemic stroke may be a cerebral embolism explained by two pathogenetic theories: a placenta–embolic hypothesis and a traumatic one [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The first theory asserts that an embolus from the placenta passes through the foramen ovale and reaches the brain, where the injury occurs.…”