“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] To date, a wide range of electrochemistry technologies, such as water splitting, fuel cell, carbon dioxide conversion and nitrogen fixation, have drawn extensive attention in the production of cheap and clean fuels and basic chemicals. [14][15][16] To achieve efficient electrochemical conversion technologies, electrocatalysts as essential components play a critical role in devices, which can decrease the kinetic barrier at electrode/electrolyte interface and thus improve the conversion efficiency. 11,17,18 Aiming to increase the number of active sites and enhance the intrinsic activity of each active site, tremendous achievements have been achieved in the structure engineering of nanomaterials to acquire highly active, selective, stable and low-cost electrocatalysts, including morphology designing, defect/strain engineering, size/facet tuning and compositing.…”