In this paper, we investigate optimal linear approximations (napproximation numbers ) of the embeddings from the Sobolev spaces H r (r > 0) for various equivalent norms and the Gevrey type spaces G α,β (α, β > 0) on the sphere S d and on the ball B d , where the approximation error is measured in the L 2 -norm. We obtain preasymptotics, asymptotics, and strong equivalences of the above approximation numbers as a function in n and the dimension d. We emphasis that all equivalence constants in the above preasymptotics and asymptotics are independent of the dimension d and n. As a consequence we obtain that for the absolute error criterion the approximation problems I d : H r → L 2 are weakly tractable if and only if r > 1, not uniformly weakly tractable, and do not suffer from the curse of dimensionality. We also prove that for any α, β > 0, the approximation problems I d : G α,β → L 2 are uniformly weakly tractable, not polynomially tractable, and quasi-polynomially tractable if and only if α ≥ 1. r/d exist, having the same value for various norms. We also prove that for 0 < α < 1,, lim n→∞ e βγn α/d a n (I d : G α,β (S d ) → L 2 (S d )) = 1.