Uniform shear of granular material. Localization of deformation

Modeling simulation of deformation in a blocky geomedium during origination of earthquake

“…The present article discusses a two-section loading pattern: three plates are involved in the simulation, and the central movable plate is symmetrically placed between the two unmovable plates [9]. The vertical symmetrical placement enables the same distance between the plates to be kept during deformation process without a buffer device.…”

“…The shearing force (stresses) T on the movable plate were measured using sensor 9 attached to the outward side of plate 1, equipped with strain-sensing elements. For more detail of the measurement procedure, refer to [5,9,10]. Electric signals on the displacements ΔH y , ΔH z , signal on the stresses τ and σ were amplified and fed to a digital plotter input.…”