Uniform or demand-driven allocation? Optimal management of social donations distribution in response to sudden outbreaks

Abstract

PurposeThis study aims to address challenges in the distribution of social donations during epidemic emergencies, focusing on issues such as uneven distribution and material stacking. The goal is to propose optimized strategies that enhance equity and efficiency in the allocation of donated resources.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, the satisfaction function is constructed from two perspectives of the designated hospital and the Red Cross. On this basis, the fairness perception level of the two is portrayed. Then, we set the time weights, and construct a multi-objective programming model by combining the resource constraints in the social donation distribution process. The combined algorithm of NSGA-II and TOPSIS is also designed for model solving. Finally, an example of social donation distribution of the Red Cross Society of China Wuhan Branch is conducted for numerical analysis.FindingsNumerical analysis reveals that timely transmission of demand information favors a demand-oriented distribution strategy for optimal efficiency. However, in scenarios with poor demand information transmission, an equal distribution of social donations proves to be a more effective strategy. Equal distribution ensures rapid allocation while minimizing perceived unfairness at designated hospitals, ultimately improving overall satisfaction levels and emergency response effectiveness.Practical implicationsThe findings provide practical insights for emergency response planners. These include translating the developed methods into guiding principles, establishing real-time monitoring systems, enhancing training for relevant departments, and implementing evaluation mechanisms. Practitioners can utilize this knowledge to optimize the efficiency of social donation distribution during sudden outbreaks.Social implicationsThe equitable distribution of social donations ensures efficient resource allocation and minimizes perceived unfairness, contributing to improved social satisfaction levels. This has broader implications for community resilience and support during emergencies.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the field by proposing a comprehensive model for optimizing social donation distribution in emergencies. The integration of fairness perception, time weights, and a multi-objective planning approach, along with the application of the combined algorithm of NSGA-II and TOPSIS, adds novelty and practical value to the existing literature. The study serves as a decision-making reference for enhancing emergency response theories in sudden event.