Unified univariate and multivariate random field theory

Worsley, Keith J.; Taylor, Jonathan; Tomaiuolo, Francesco; Lerch, Jason P.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.07.026

Cited by 374 publications

(330 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…All group analyses were then carried out using FLAME (FMRIB's Local Analysis of Mixed Effects, stage 1 and stage 2 with automatic outlier detection; Woolrich, 2008). All contrasts were thresholded at Z > 2.3, followed by a cluster significance threshold of p = 0.05 adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Gaussian random-field theory method (Worsley, Taylor, Tomaiuolo, & Lerch, 2004).…”

Section: Group-level Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictability of what or where reduces brain activity, but a bottleneck occurs when both are predictable

Davis

Hasson

2018

NeuroImage

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Detecting regularities in the sensory environment licenses predictions that enable adaptive behaviour. However, it is unclear whether predictions about object category, location, or both dimensions are mediated by overlapping systems, and relatedly, whether constructing predictions about both category and location is associated with processing bottlenecks. To examine this issue, in an fMRI study, we presented participants with image-series in which non-deterministic transition probabilities enabled predictions about either the location of the next image, its semantic category, both dimensions, or neither (the latter forming a "no-regularity" random baseline condition). Speaking to a common system, all three predictable conditions resulted in reduced BOLD activity in four clusters: left rostral anterior cingulate cortex; bilateral putamen, caudate and thalamus; right precentral gyrus, and left visual cortex. Pointing to a processing bottleneck, in some regions, a significant interaction between the two factors was found whereby category-predictable series were associated with lower activity -but only when location regularity was absent. Finally, category regularity decreased activation in areas of the ventral visual stream and semantic areas of lateral temporal cortex, and location regularity decreased activation in a dorsal fronto-parietal cluster, long implicated in the endogenous control of spatial attention. Our findings confirm and expand a role for dACC/dmPFC and striatum in monitoring or responding to uncertainty in the environment and point to a limited capacity bottleneck when multiple predictions are concurrently licensed.

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Section: Group-level Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictability of what or where reduces brain activity, but a bottleneck occurs when both are predictable

Davis

Hasson

2018

NeuroImage

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“…The primary application of this probability is to correct for multiple comparisons across the entire field, thereby affording field-level hypothesis testing (Worsley, Taylor, Tomaiuolo, and Lerch 2004;Friston, Ashburner, Kiebel, Nichols, and Penny 2007).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

rft1d: Smooth One-Dimensional Random Field Upcrossing Probabilities inPython

Pataky¹

2016

J. Stat. Soft.

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Through topological expectations regarding smooth, thresholded n-dimensional Gaussian continua, random field theory (RFT) describes probabilities associated with both the field-wide maximum and threshold-surviving upcrossing geometry. A key application of RFT is a correction for multiple comparisons which affords field-level hypothesis testing for both univariate and multivariate fields. For unbroken isotropic fields just one parameter in addition to the mean and variance is required: the ratio of a field's size to its smoothness. Ironically the simplest manifestation of RFT (1D unbroken fields) has rarely surfaced in the literature, even during its foundational development in the late 1970s. This Python package implements 1D RFT primarily for exploring and validating RFT expectations, but also describes how it can be applied to yield statistical inferences regarding sets of experimental 1D fields.

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“…An entire separate review paper is needed to track all the RFT work produced, but a few highlights include: A unified result for Z, T , χ 2 and F images (Worsley et al, 1996); a solution for the conservativeness found at low smoothness (Worsley & Taylor, 2005); and a unified multivariate result from which all other results are special cases (Worsley et al, 2004). These (2003).…”

Section: Monte Carlomentioning

confidence: 99%