Unified power flow controllers in smart power systems: models, methods, and future research

Georgilakis, Pavlos S.; Hatziargyriou, Nikos D.

doi:10.1049/iet-stg.2018.0065

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 204 publications

(243 reference statements)

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“…In addition to research articles, there are also important review papers that summarize the research findings on FACTS devices and their grid services in a comprehensive manner. There are review articles devoted to the review of one particular FACTS device [5][6][7], and articles that review more FACTS devices [8][9][10]. The study of [5] reviews the models and methods of unified power flow controllers (UPFCs) in smart grids, sets the future research goals, and provides future research directions in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are review articles devoted to the review of one particular FACTS device [5][6][7], and articles that review more FACTS devices [8][9][10]. The study of [5] reviews the models and methods of unified power flow controllers (UPFCs) in smart grids, sets the future research goals, and provides future research directions in this field. Another [6] provides a comprehensive review on static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) and their future research…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are a combination of series and shunt devices, which are controlled in a coordinated way. An example of such a device is the UPFC, which is the most versatile among all FACTS devices, because it can control, selectively or concurrently, the real and reactive power flow via the transmission line, the bus voltage magnitude, and the compensation of reactive power [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

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FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing

et al. 2019

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The role of flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTSs) in the provision of grid services is becoming increasingly important, due to the massive integration of intermittent renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and the decommissioning of thermal plants. A comprehensive literature review of grid services offered by FACTS is performed, focusing on the different grid services that they can provide, such as power flow control, reactive power control, voltage control, power quality improvement, harmonic mitigation, improvement of transient stability, and damping of inter-area and intra-area oscillations. These grid services need to be realistically and economically validated in suitable testing environments. A review of relevant standards, guides, and the literature is performed, which covers the entire range from functional specification and factory testing up to the field testing of FACTS. Advanced industry practices, such as controller hardware in the loop (CHIL) testing of FACTS controllers by the manufacturer, and recent trends, such as CHIL testing of replica controllers by the owner, are underlined. Limitations of conventional testing and CHIL testing are explained and the use of power hardware in the loop (PHIL) simulation for FACTS testing is discussed. CHIL and scaled-down PHIL tests on a transmission static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) are performed and a comparison of the results is presented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing

et al. 2019

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“…Scheduling multiple energy carriers/vectors, e.g., coupled electricity and gas networks, has received much attention in recent years [1]- [4]. Motivation behind the scheduling is that the electricity, natural gas, and distributed renewable energy sources can be systematically and optimally integrated to improve operating performance, e.g., carbon reduction [1], cost minimization, reliability [2], and stability [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Motivation behind the scheduling is that the electricity, natural gas, and distributed renewable energy sources can be systematically and optimally integrated to improve operating performance, e.g., carbon reduction [1], cost minimization, reliability [2], and stability [3]. Modelbased optimization is an efficient tool to solve the scheduling problem, under which the scheduling objective is designed according to certain criteria, subject to technical constraints [4]. Although designing energy hub scheduling as an optimization problem yields a theoretically optimal solution, there are still several major challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Price Elasticity Reinforcement Learning for Low Carbon Energy Hub Scheduling Based on Conditional Random Field

Hua

You

Sun

2019

2019 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications Workshops in China (ICCC Workshops)

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Energy hub scheduling plays a vital role in optimally integrating multiple energy vectors, e.g., electricity and gas, to meet both heat and electricity demand. A scalable scheduling model is needed to adapt to various energy sources and operating conditions. This paper proposes a conditional random field (CRF) method to analyse the intrinsic characteristics of energy hub scheduling problems. Building on these characteristics, a reinforcement learning (RL) model is designed to strategically schedule power and natural gas exchanges as well as the energy dispatch of energy hub. Case studies are performed by using real-time digital simulator that enables dynamic interactions between scheduling decisions and operating conditions. Simulation results show that the CRF-based RL method can approach the theoretical optimal scheduling solution after 50 days training. Scheduling decisions are particularly more dependent on received price information during peak-demand period. The proposed method can reduce 9.76% of operating cost and 1.388 ton of carbon emissions per day, respectively. Index Terms-Energy hub, price elasticity, real-time digital simulator (RTDS), reinforcement learning (RL), conditional random field, carbon reduction.

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Review of FACTS technologies and applications for accelerating penetration of wind energies in the power system

Ghadimi

Gholami

Miveh

2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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Conventional energy resource problems made power system planners apply more renewable energy sources (RESs) in the power system. RESs have a significant impact on fulfilling the world's energy demand, protecting the environment at least in the exploration phase, and providing energy reliability as well as security for the new generation of power grids. In this regard, wind power generation is considered a promising solution. However, by increasing the share of wind power generation units in the power sector, some challenges, such as voltage problems, transient stability, increasing system losses, and line congestions can occur. Consequently, an alternative solution is required to accelerate wind power units' connections to the grid by preventing the problems caused by the penetration of wind power. In this regard, Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices can play an important role while they can improve power grid dynamic performance. This paper presents a review of the optimization techniques applied to accelerate the penetration of wind energy by exploiting FACTS devices. The topic identifies the objectives and optimization formulations, as well as schemes and models available in the published literature. This survey gives noteworthy insights to the researchers to cover available solutions in these regards. The literature in the field is summarized in different aspects, such as FACTS technology, objective functions, constraints, optimization methods, planning or operation purposes, and load flow types. At each aspect, a comparison is derived to recognize the most important issues. The result of the review is the finding of future work and contributions which can be done in the field of wind energy integration acceleration using FACTS devices and the output of the paper can be used as a guide for researchers to find a new path for research in this area.

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Unified power flow controllers in smart power systems: models, methods, and future research

Cited by 34 publications

References 204 publications

FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing

FACTS Providing Grid Services: Applications and Testing

Real-Time Price Elasticity Reinforcement Learning for Low Carbon Energy Hub Scheduling Based on Conditional Random Field

Review of FACTS technologies and applications for accelerating penetration of wind energies in the power system

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