Unified optimization model for energy management in sustainable smart power systems

Abstract

Summary Peak power consumption is one of the most critical issues for power system operation and sustainability. To overcome this issue, the available energy resources may be utilized in an efficient way. Demand‐side management (DSM) may be used for the efficient utilization of the available resources to reduce the peak power consumption by rescheduling the shiftable appliances. Apart from this, a number of other objectives are also achieved by DSM. In the literature, DSM is used to reduce the electricity cost, curtail peak hour's demand, diminish peak‐to‐average power ratio, and minimize the distribution losses. To the best knowledge of the authors, none of the research articles has considered all the mentioned objectives in a single model. To fill this research gap, we propose a unified DSM model where we focus to get the abovementioned objectives of DSM in a single framework. This unified DSM framework also gives liberty to the power system administration for the operation of the system with exchange policies of government and the company itself. While getting the abovementioned objectives, our proposed unified model can take care of a number of DSM features including importance of heterogeneous load, load shedding, human interaction factor, peak clipping, valley filling, load shifting, appliances priorities, and consumer preferences.

A Survey on Home Energy Management

“…A common approach to deal with this problem includes deploying generation sources along the power line, regulated by an optimal dispatch strategy [60], [75], [76]. 3) Peak load -utility companies encourage customers to minimise peak load demand or even to achieve a particular load profile, which benefits grid management [46], [80], [82], [146], [147]. By defining individual target loads, utility companies promote a balanced use of power grid resources, expressed as peak-to-average load ratio (PALR).…”

“…4) Carbon emission -taking into account the environmental impact of energy consumption, HEMSs can incorporate carbon and other GHG emissions as additional criteria [77], [148]. Penalty fees can also be charged to consumers based on GHG emission levels, as considered in [147], where pollutant emissions are indirectly reduced through electricity cost minimisation.…”

Joint Energy Management and Energy Trading in Residential Microgrid System

“…In this model, the authors used a stochastic risk-constrained framework to maximize the expected profit of the microgrid operator through the optimal scheduling of renewable resources. The authors in [10]- [12] used cost minimization as a performance metric and reduce the overloading of the power system by curtailing the peak hours demand. In [13], the author used an energy management system approach in the microgrid environment, which not only minimizes the electricity cost but also considering the consumers' satisfaction level.…”

InteractiveFACTSand demand response program as an incremental welfare consensus for maximizing wind power penetration

“…Under these circumstances, the occurrence of any unexpected contingency in the transmission network or sudden increase of load demand will cause overloading and congestion in some or even all network lines. 2 Congestion, as a consequence of network constraints, not only increases the cost of power delivery but also decreases revenue adequacy of the system. 3 On the other hand, the power systems have experienced a progressive infiltration of renewable resources particularly wind turbines (WTs) in the generation portfolio of electricity markets over the last decade, which is resulting in creating new challenges in the safe and reliable operation of power systems.…”

“…Moreover, the intermittent temperament and inherent variability of wind power have led this issue to a more complex problem and imposed significant difficulties in the problem. 2 Accordingly, appropriate measures should be taken by the independent system operator (ISO) to eliminate and manage the congestion of wind integrated transmission networks, which otherwise will cause to increase the locational marginal prices (LMPs) and also threatens the security and stability of the power systems.…”