Unified multidimensional microcolumn chromatography

Bartle, Keith D.; Davies, I. L.; Raynor, Mark W.; Clifford, Anthony A.; Kithinji, Jacob P.

doi:10.1002/mcs.1220010205

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Coupled SFC-GC has been proposed instead of normal-phase LC-GC for fossil fuel analysis [8, 16,17,[49][50][51]. Considerable advantages are gained by coupling SFC (rather than LC) to GC; packed microcolumn SFC allows quantitative, universal FID monitoring of the primary separation, and solvent elimination interfaces are not required because GO2…”

Section: Petroleum Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The future of coupled LC-GC lies in the use of microcolumns. Packed-capillary and open-tubular columns with internal diameters of less than 500-pm can reduce interfacing difficulties resulting from the incompatibilities of different mobile phases, and can avoid many of the technological barriers encountered in interfacing LC, SFC, and GC instrumentation [17]. The ability to interface any chromatographic technique will make coupled-column separations applicable to a wider range of samples types.…”

Section: Future Prospects For Lc-gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some cases, packed column SFC can replace LC for the preseparation step of an analysis, while open-tubular column SFC may be used instead of GC. Recent trends towards the use of microcolumns (open-tubular and packed-capillary) for LC, SFC, and GC have unified the approach to multidimensional chromatography [17]. In general, the use of SFC in a coupled-column system facilitates mobile phase interfacing and extends the sample application range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of coupled LC‐GC: A review

Davies

Markides

Lee

et al. 1989

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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Although coupled liquid chromatographygas chromatography (LC‐GC) was first demonstrated ten years ago, only in the last few years has there been a sudden surge of interest in the technique. Approximately 70% of the total number of LC‐GC applications have been published in the last two years (1987–88) alone. This review categorizes LC‐GC publications into four main application areas: fossil fuels, foods, environmental samples, biologiical/pharmaceutical samples, and miscellaneous samples. Multidimensional separations carried out using other coupled‐column chromatographic techniques (such as supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) with GC, and on‐line trace enrichment‐GC) have also been included in this review.

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Section: Petroleum Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Prospects For Lc-gcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of coupled LC‐GC: A review

Davies

Markides

Lee

et al. 1989

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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“…Numerous SFC chromatograms of polysiloxanes [1 14] have been published using pure carbon dioxide as the mobile phase with open tubular (capillary) columns typically 50 ixm ID • 10 meters long. In the best case [13], up to 80 homologs were resolved. Separation of molecular weights up to 8000 have also been reported [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Packed column supercritical fluid chromatography of polysiloxanes using pure and hexane modified carbon dioxide with flame ionization and ultraviolet detection

Berger¹,

Todd²

2001

Chromatographia

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SummaryHigh resolution SFC separations of polysiloxanes using standard bore and 2 mm ID packed columns with pressure and density programming of pure carbon dioxide are demonstrated. Independent control of flow and pressure allowed enhanced resolution, particularly at higher molecular weights, over previous separations. More than 150 individual homologs of climethylsiloxanes were at least partially resolved, allowing differentiation of molecu larweight to over 11,000. Pure carbon dioxide appeared to be capable of during molecularweights up to an estimated 25,000.The maximum molecular weight elutecl was further extended by the addition of hexane to carbon dioxide. Detection was performed using both the FID (where possible) and UV at 191 nm. Use of the UV detector eliminated the need for a fixed restrictor required by the FID, which simplified routine use.

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“…Multi-dimensional chromatography is an excellent technique for obtaining increased resolving power. Although various forms of multi-dimensional (mostly twodimensional) chromatography using GC, LC and SFC have been rep o rted and some of them are well established as reviewed [1,2], a limited number of reports have been published with respect to capillary SFC-SFC [3,4].…”

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confidence: 99%

A simple flow switching interface for two-dimensional capillary supercritical fluid chromatography

Hishimoto¹,

Hirata²

1998

Analusis

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Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) has been recog n i zed as a powerful sep a ration technique supplementing gas (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC). Although capillary SFC has a high resolving power, the efficiency of a single capillary column is still inadequate for the separation of closely related compounds and complex mixtures such as isomeric compounds and environmental and biological samples. Multi-dimensional chromatography is an excellent technique for obtaining increased resolving power. Although various forms of multi-dimensional (mostly twodimensional) chromatography using GC, LC and SFC have been rep o rted and some of them are well established as reviewed [1,2], a limited number of reports have been published with respect to capillary SFC-SFC [3,4].In this study, we developed a simple flow switching interface for two-dimensional capillary SFC. A novel plumbing method to construct the system was also developed. The primary column was a non-polar methyl polysiloxane column and the secondary column a polar polyethylene glycol column. This geometry was more effective for controlling the resolutions on the secondary column than the reversed one. Pressure and temperature affected the selectivity on the secondary column as in single column SFC. Experimental ChemicalsA mixture of para ffins (C 1 8 -C 2 6 ) , fatty acid methyl esters (C 16 Me-C 22 Me) and alcohols (C 12 OH-C 18 OH) (Tokyo Kasei, Tokyo, Japan) with even carbon atoms was used for fundamental study on two-dimensional SFC as a test sample. C h o l e s t e rol (chol) and its fatty acid derivat ive s , l a u rat e ( ch o l -1 2 : 0 ) , my ri s t ate (ch o l -1 4 : 0 ) , p a l m i t ate (ch o l -1 6 : 0 ) , palmitoleate (chol-16:1), stearate (chol-18:0), oleate (chol-1 8 : 1 ) , l i n o l e ate (ch o l -1 8 : 2 ) , l i n o l e n ate (chol-18:3) and a ra ch i d o n ate (ch o l -2 0 : 4 ) , we re purchased from Sigma ( S t . L o u i s , M O, USA). Oligo m e ric sample with two b ra n ches of polyox ye t hylene (2,4,7,9-tetra m e t hy l -4 , 7 -bis(polyoxyethylene)-5-decyne) was obtained from Hayashi Kasei (Nagoya, Japan). All these samples were dissolved in dichloromethane. Ultra high purity carbon dioxide (ShowaTansan, Yokkaichi, Japan) was used as mobile phase. InstrumentsThe pump was an LC-6A liquid ch ro m at ograph pump ( S h i m a d z u , Kyo t o , Japan) equipped with a pump head cooler (MC-28T, Netsudenshi Kogyo, Tokyo, Japan) and a home-made pre s s u re progra m m e r. The superc ritical fl u i d ch ro m at ograph was a HP 5840A gas ch ro m at ograp h (Hewlett-Packard, Avondale, Penn., USA) with dual flame ionization detectors (FID). The FID temperature was held at 300 or 350 o C. Capillary columns were HP-1 (100 µm i.d. × 10 m, 0.40 µm film thickness) and HP-WAX (100 µm i.d. × 10 m, 0.20 µm film thickness). In most cases, the former was used as a primary column and the latter as a secondary column in two-dimensional SFC. The column temperature was between 80 and 120 o C. Samples were injected with a Rheodyne 7520 injector (Cotati, C...

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Unified multidimensional microcolumn chromatography

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

Applications of coupled LC‐GC: A review

Applications of coupled LC‐GC: A review

Packed column supercritical fluid chromatography of polysiloxanes using pure and hexane modified carbon dioxide with flame ionization and ultraviolet detection

A simple flow switching interface for two-dimensional capillary supercritical fluid chromatography

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