Unified Modeling, Analysis, and Design of Isolated Bidirectional CLLC Resonant DC–DC Converters

Li, Xiaoqiang; Huang, Jinwei; Ma, Yongchao; Wang, Xintan; Yang, Jiafeng; Wu, Xiaojie

doi:10.1109/jestpe.2022.3145817

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…By calculating the separated variables, only one differential term is retained in each equation, and the coe cient is 1. Finally, the above formula is simpli ed to formula (10):…”

Section: Small Signal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The integration of magnetic components in the converter was realized only through a magnetic component, and the feasibility and effectiveness were veri ed by nite element simulation and experimental prototype. In Reference [10], a uni ed modeling method suitable for all kinds of the CLLC resonant converter topologies was proposed. This method greatly simpli es the calculated quantity in parameter design and makes bi-directional SR (Synchronous Recti cation) less complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on fractional order modeling and PIλ control strategy of CLLC bi-directional resonant converter

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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There are problems such as insufficient modeling accuracy of the CLLC bi-directional resonant converter in integer order, failure to accurately describe the actual conditions of the system, poor dynamic performance of classical PI control strategy, and failure of the system to reach the stable state quickly and smoothly. First, based on the fractional order calculus theory, this paper proposes an extended describing function method based on fractional order, establishes the mathematical model of the fractional order and small signal model of the fractional order of the CLLC bi-directional resonant converter, obtains the fractional order transfer function of the system, constructs the PI λ control strategy of the fractional order of the CLLC bi-directional resonant converter, and builds the simulation model of the CLLC bi-directional resonant converter based on Matlab/Simulink software for simulation verification. Finally, a principle prototype was built in the laboratory to verify the correctness and feasibility of the CLLC bi-directional resonant converter of the fractional order and theoretical analysis of the PI λ control strategy of the fractional order.

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“…By calculating the separated variables, only one differential term is retained in each equation, and the coe cient is 1. Finally, the above formula is simpli ed to formula (10):…”

Section: Small Signal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on fractional order modeling and PIλ control strategy of CLLC bi-directional resonant converter

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The studies presented in [9]- [13] provide an elaborated time-domain model highlighting the switching instants and formulating detailed system equations, to analytically calculate the required phase for enabling SR. These methods portray superior tracking accuracy, which is sufficiently backed by detailed sensitivity analysis corresponding to change in system parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Addressing the limitations of time domain models, the works in [13]- [15] utilize frequency dependent first harmonic approximation (FHA) model to synthesize the state equations and corresponding obtain the required phase to enable SR. However, FHA ignores the effect of higher order harmonics in 2 > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR MANUSCRIPT ID NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < formulating the system equations, thus limiting the accuracy of presented analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic Component Inclusive Optimum Phase-Frequency Contour Enabled Synchronous Rectification of Asymmetric CLLC Resonant Converter

Chandwani

Mallik

Aktruk

2023

IEEE Open J. Power Electron.

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With an objective to reduce the switching losses in a bidirectional resonant CLLC DC/DC converter for electric vehicle (EV) charging applications, this paper presents an elaborate frequency dependent general harmonic approximation (GHA) based secondary side turnoff current minimization technique by investigating the optimum operating point to achieve synchronous rectification (SR). Formulation of an accurate all-inclusive gain model is presented, specifically focusing on effect of parasitic components on the resultant gain-frequency trend, backed with thorough experimental validation. Further, meticulous modeling of the GHA based state equations is presented to obtain a contour of feasible operational frequencies and corresponding phase shifts to ascertain accurate SR operation with a multi-dimensional optimization technique to ensure reduced switching losses. In addition to that, to precisely characterize the resonant tank equivalent circuit, stressing on its effect on SR phase calculation, a detailed 3D finite element analysis (FEA) based R-L-C modelling of the employed high frequency planar transformer (HFPT) is explained. To validate and benchmark the performance of the proposed gain model while ensuring accurate SR operation, a 1kW all-GaN based CLLC experimental prototype is developed for a resonant frequency of 500kHz, with a power density of 106 W/inch 3 . Experimental waveforms at corner conditions are presented for a wide-gain bidirectional operation, portraying a peak converter efficiency of 98.49%.

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“…To address the difficulty of symmetric/asymmetric parameter design, a bidirectional unified modelling, analysis, and design method is proposed [21][22]. By selecting appropriate and quantitative bidirectional circuit factors, this model unifies the forward and reverse circuits which greatly simplifies the calculation or iteration of the parameter design and the complexity of bidirectional synchronous rectification (SR) [23]. To further improve the efficiency, the synchronous rectification (SR) control is introduced by controlling the turn-on and turn-off timings based on the phase difference between primary gate pulse and secondary resonant current [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible hybrid control resonant converter for electric vehicle battery charging and discharging system

Chen

Chiou

et al. 2022

The Journal of Engineering

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In this study, the control modes in the newly designed converter include a variable frequency control mode, a phase shift control mode, and hybrid switching with a dual control mode. Compared with the traditional resonant converter, the newly designed converter has the following characteristics: (1) Zero voltage and zero current soft switching to improve converter efficiency in forward and reverse mode and wide voltage range, (2) solves the problem of voltage adjustment being difficult and switching loss increasing at light load for the resonant converter under the variable frequency control mode, (3) hybrid switching with a dual‐control strategy to resolve the design difficulty of digital control in hybrid switching control mode, (4) a closed loop control for the resonant converter with hybrid switching and dual‐ control mode. Finally, In the forward charging mode, the input voltage is 400 V, the output voltage is 250–450 V, the maximum power is 1000 W, and the maximum efficiency is 96.69%. In reverse discharge mode, the input voltage is 250–450 V, the output voltage is 400 V, and the efficiency at full load is 95.13%. The maximum conversion efficiency is 97.57% when the output power is 840 W.

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Unified Modeling, Analysis, and Design of Isolated Bidirectional CLLC Resonant DC–DC Converters

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Research on fractional order modeling and PIλ control strategy of CLLC bi-directional resonant converter

Research on fractional order modeling and PIλ control strategy of CLLC bi-directional resonant converter

Parasitic Component Inclusive Optimum Phase-Frequency Contour Enabled Synchronous Rectification of Asymmetric CLLC Resonant Converter

Reversible hybrid control resonant converter for electric vehicle battery charging and discharging system

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